1. What conditions are required for violent volcanic eruptions in the continenta
ID: 233569 • Letter: 1
Question
1. What conditions are required for violent volcanic eruptions in the continental margin? What causes these eruptions? What determines how violent they become?
2. For the ocean as a whole, what is the most abundant gas dissolved in seawater? Explain the role of this gas in photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
3.What is the Law of the Minimum and how might the Law of the Minimum be an important consideration in the event of a major environmental change in the ocean? Provide at least one example.
Please provide me atleast 2/3 of a A4 page for each question, thank you so much! These are 3 in 30 question essay that I have to do for the final and they are the last 3 questions, but also the hardest =.=
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Explanation / Answer
firstly there needs to be a source. most volcanoes form along plate margins and hot spots,magma is their fuel. before the volcano erupts it would show significant changes in its shape,size,and also prime factors would be detectable such as earthquakes,which indicates that the magma is rising to the surface and breaking the rock as it up wells.it also depends on the magma's chemical makeup. alkaline (runny) magma would cause a gentle eruption as it does not hold in many gasses and it about 70% basalt,however on the other hand acidic (thick) magma would cause the volcano to erupt violently. this is because this type of magma contains 70% silica which in turn holds more gasses and is highly volatile. stratovolcanoes are the type of volcano which can act in this behavior which can cause an astronomically high death toll,like when mount tambora erupted in indonesia,killing more than 70,000 people. (this is the conditions needed and also a bit more information on the volcanoes themself.
2. The solubilities of those gases, such as oxygen and nitrogen, which do not react chemically with the water or its dissolved salts decrease with increasing temperature and salinity. The solubilities of oxygen and nitrogen in sea water of different salinities over the normal range of temperature were investigated by Fox (1907, 1909). Fox's values for oxygen are still the accepted standards, but his data for nitrogen have been superseded by those of Rakestraw and Emmel (1938b). The solubility of carbon dioxide is greater than that of oxygen and nitrogen because it reacts with the water. Part of the carbon dioxide is present as free CO2 and H2CO3, but in sea water by far the greater part is present as carbonates and bicarbonate, and for the same partial pressure the total CO2 content of sea water is much greater than that of distilled water or neutral salt solutions. The content of free CO2 and H2CO3 decreases with increasing temperature and salinity. Argon is sometimes included with the “atmospheric nitrogen,” and, because its solubility differs from that of nitrogen, the values of the saturation coefficients will be slightly modified. Little is known concerning the other gases in sea water; however, both hydrogen sulphide and ammonia are very soluble gases and their saturation values can play no important part in their distribution.
3.Liebig's Law or the Law of the Minimum states that growth isn't controlled by the total of resources available, but by the scarcest resource, so a major change in climate wouldn't be the scarcest resource and should therefor not apply.
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