\"Please kindly answer all the questions. At least in short sentance. Please i n
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"Please kindly answer all the questions. At least in short sentance. Please i need all the correct answers tho. thank you Any help would be greatly appreciated. I will rate LifeSaver"
1) When did the first domestication of crops and animals occur?
2) The United Nations defines ________ as physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food sufficient to meet dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
3) What world regions have the most shifting cultivation being practiced?
4) Term for a form of subsistence agriculture based on the herding of domesticated animals
5) Characteristics, ownership, history, and geography of plantations?
6) Characteristics of subsistence economies
7) Characteristics and outcomes of the “green revolution” in agriculture
8) Details, characteristics, and outcomes of the agricultural subsidies given in the US in recent decades
9) Causes of the worldwide food price crisis of 2008
Please Answer every question
Explanation / Answer
1. First domestication of crops and animals occured in the around 13,000 years ago. The Middle East was the first place in which the people domesticated plants ( 8300 BCE) and animals (7500 BCE).
2. Food security
3. Shifting cultivation is practiced around 250 million people, mainly in the tropical rain forests of South America, Central and West Africa, and Southeast Asia.
4. Pastrol Nomadism
5.
Plantation is an economic unit for the production of agricultural products such as field crops or horticultural products, for sale and utilizes a moderately large number of unskilled laborers. Plantations generally employ a year-round labor crew of some size, and it usually focus in the production of only one or two products. It varies from other types of farms in the factors such as production, primarily management and labor.
Plantation organization of agricultural production is not a necessary large ownership. Another feature commonly associated with this is a moderately large vertical integration.
Privately operated plantations are most famous in the growing of tropical tree crops and other perennials. Major export crops of the tropics such as coffee, tea, bananas, sugar, and rubber are come chiefly from plantations and also plantations are the major factors in the production of palm products.
Private plantations were the principal source of tropical agricultural products throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. In the early twentieth century, there is a great development of tropical plantations such as coffee, tea, cocoa, bananas, palm and coconut oil, and rubber. In Asia and Latin America, the private plantation was still a major source of tropical commodities.
6. Subsistence economy is an economic system in which it dependent on the resources of the community. It mainly depends on natural resources to provide for basic needs, through hunting, gathering, and agriculture. Subsistence means supporting from a minimum level. In this economy, there is no industrialization. Wealth is calculated in terms of natural resources only.
7.
A revolution occurred in the mid- and late-20th century in which it significantly altered the agriculture field and this revolution is called as the Green Revolution.
During this period productivity of global agriculture increased radically as a result of new progress. New chemical fertilizers, synthetic herbicides and pesticides were created during this time. And this resulted in higher productivity.
In addition to this, high-yield crops were also developed and established. High-yield crops are crops which are particularly intended to produce high production. Another technology called multiple cropping was also executed during this period and it lead to higher productivity of multiple crops. These type of new farming techniques and methods in agricultural were utilized by farmers all over the world, and this strengthen the results of the Green Revolution.
8.
Federal government give payments to agricultural producers for the making sooth the food prices, ensuring abundant food production, promising basic incomes of farmers, and mainly intensifying the agricultural section of the national economy.
U.S. government initiated to control the agriculture economy during the large depression of the late 1920s and early 1930s. During this time, farm prices distorted, and the farmers became increasingly distressed. The government tried to stabilize agricultural markets by subsidizing the export of U.S. agricultural products and through by signing some international agreements which is designed to support agricultural exports. In the 1950s and 1960s, the government took important decisions to increase the exports which include the implementation of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 and the general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT). It resulted in widened markets for U.S. agricultural products.
In 1972, the Nixon administration had a massive agreement with the Soviet Union through which the Soviet Union would purchase almost all surplus grain produced in the United States. The US government also subsidizes the agriculture production through nonrecourse loans. In this type of subsidy, the government credit money to farmers using the future yield of farmers as security. The government sets a loan rate in which farmers can make use of money earlier to harvest, so that they can sale their crops when the market price rises. The government decides how much a farmer can have a loan of by multiplying the loan rate by the farmer's base acreage. The crop is the security for the loan, and the farmer can either repay the loan in cash and sell the crop, or default and give the crop to the government. This subsidy is used mainly for corn and wheat, and also applying to soybeans, rice, and cotton in a modified form.
The Republican Congress of 1994–95 planned large cut in farm subsidies inorder to reduce the federal shortage. In March 1996, Congress approved the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act, which came to be known as the Freedom to Farm Act. The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, puts an agriculture policy for six years. In detail, subsidies are predictable to grow during the six years and could reach around $200 billion for the period.
Many ecologists opposed farm subsidies due to different reasons. They claimed that the base acreage and insufficiency payment system encouraged farmers to produce soil diminishing and erosion prone crops, for example corn every year, even when the market offered an improved price for a different crop. It leads to large use of chemical fertilizers, which in turn cause soil and water pollution.
9. Food prices around the World increased radically in 2007 and earlier 2008 and creating a global disaster and cause political and economical unsteadiness and social disturbances in poor and developed nations.
The initial causes of this are the droughts in the grain producing nations and rising of oil prices. Oil price increases also caused general increase in the costs of fertilizers, food transportation and industrial agriculture.
But Main causes of this may be the increase in the use of biofuels in developed countries and a large need for a more varied diet around the middle-class populations of Asia.
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