Identifcation of a Pertoleum Hydrocarbon 1. The following properties were measur

Question

Identifcation of a Pertoleum Hydrocarbon
1. The following properties were measured for an unknown hyrdorcarbon in a labroratory with an ambient temperature of 28C and barometric pressure of 28.9 inches of mercury (1 inch Hg =25.4 torr)
boiling point: 78.2 C
Refractive Indez: 1.3780
mass of 0.200 mL: 0.133g
Correct the refractive index and boiling point to 20 C and 1 atmosphere and calculate the density of the unknown. if the unknown is one of hte hydrocarbons listed in table 2. what is its probable identity?
3.Describe and expalin the possoble effects on your results of the following experimental errors or variations. In each case tell whether the resulting physical property (bp, density or refractive index) will be too high or too low. (A) you read the temperature when the unknown liquid began to boil and recorded that temperature as its boiling point. (B) to obtain .20 mL of the liquid you filled a Mohr popet to the 0.20 mL mark and drained it completely into the weighing vial. (c) the liquid was at a temperature of 25 degrees when you measured its mass and volume. (D) the liquid was at a temperature of 25 degrees when you measured its refrractivve index, but you forgot to correct it.
4. A large oil spill that resulted from the 1989 shipwreck of the exxon valdez caused considerable damage to Alaska's wildlife. Do you think a comparable spill of a water insoluble liquid that has a density of 1.20g/ml would have been as harmful to waterfowl and aquatic mammals, assuming that the other properties of the liquid are comparable to those of petroleum? explain your answer.
These are very important for me please give me your best answers.

Explanation / Answer

Answer:-

->Using the formula:

nD20 = nDT + [ (T-200C) (0.00045/0C)]

we get the density of the unknown substance as 1.3780582 which is close to the density of 3-methylpentane.

The 2nd part of the question where probable effects due to experimental errors and variations is asked can be answered only by conducting the experiment in a lab (along with the required equipments).

->refer to these following links to for the 2nd part of your question:

http://www.chemistryland.com/CHM151Lab/Lab03IDliquid/Lab03Help.html

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0Bxch3Ud9qJG0WUFGZ2FzWi0xbXM/view?usp=sharing

->

If the the water insoluble liquid has a density of 1.20g/ml then it would be considerably heavier then water and this oil would sink beneath the water. And if spilled oil sinks, it can be very difficult to clean up. If something causes it to pool on the bottom (for example, it may get trapped behind a sunken vessel), then vacuum devices can be used to try and get the oil off the bottom. As you might guess, this method may not be very effective because vacuums may capture a lot of water and sand along with the oil. It could be harmful to aquatic mammals.

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