chapter 9 QUESTION 1 Knowledge of Earth\'s interior is mostly derived from indir
ID: 235540 • Letter: C
Question
chapter 9
QUESTION 1
Knowledge of Earth's interior is mostly derived from
indirect evidence involving the analysis of seismic waves.
direct sampling of the interior using deep-test wells.
historic and prehistoric records.
work in Earth's deepest caverns and caves.
0.1 points
QUESTION 2
________ is the theory that describes the motion of Earth's lithosphere.
Sea floor spreading
Plate tectonics
Metamorphism
Pangaea
0.1 points
QUESTION 3
Exogenic processes cause warping, folding, faulting, and uplift of Earth's surface.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 4
Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was immediately accepted by the scientific community when it was proposed.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 5
The rigid crust and uppermost mantle are known collectively as the
Moho.
lithosphere.
Gutenberg discontinuity.
asthenosphere.
0.1 points
QUESTION 6
Continental crust is basically ________, whereas oceanic crust is basically ________.
sima; sial
granite; basalt
basalt; granite
thin; thick
0.1 points
QUESTION 7
The three basic rock types are
conglomerates, clastics, and evaporative.
intrusive, extrusive, and plutonic.
sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
laterite, schist, and basalt.
0.1 points
QUESTION 8
The crust is thickest under mountains and thinnest under the oceans.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 9
The three most abundant elements in Earth's crust are
iron, aluminum, and granite.
oxygen, silicon, and aluminum.
magnesium, potassium, and oxygen.
rock, water, and tectonics.
0.1 points
QUESTION 10
Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?
Weathering — exogenic breaking and dissolving the crust
Endogenic — internal processes
Radioactive decay heat — exogenic energy source
Exogenic — external processes
0.1 points
QUESTION 11
Sedimentary rock may be formed from the shells of organisms containing calcium carbonate.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 12
The principle that the same physical processes currently active in the environment were operating throughout Earth's history is known as
statism.
parallelism.
uniformitarianism.
catastrophism.
0.1 points
QUESTION 13
What type of rock is derived from the bits and pieces of former rocks?
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Hydrothermal
0.1 points
QUESTION 14
Travertine, formed from the CaCO3 that has been precipitated from groundwater, is an example of ________ sedimentary rock.
biochemical
clastic
organic
chemical
0.1 points
QUESTION 15
The subfield of geography and geology concerned with the study of the origins, evolutions, form, and spatial distribution of Earth's landforms is
pedology.
geophysics.
lithology.
geomorphology.
0.1 points
QUESTION 16
Which rock type makes up approximately 90% of Earth's crust?
Metamorphic
Igneous
Sedimentary
0.1 points
QUESTION 17
Which of the following is an endogenic process?
Stream deposition
Glacial erosion
Weathering
Volcanism
0.1 points
QUESTION 18
The geologic cycle is fueled by
Earth's internal heat.
solar energy.
both solar energy and Earth's internal heat.
neither solar energy and Earth's internal heat.
0.1 points
QUESTION 19
Earthquake and volcanic occurrences do not correlate well with crustal plate boundaries.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 20
A batholith forms from
intrusive igneous rock.
metamorphic rock.
extrusive igneous rock.
sediment accumulation in a depression.
0.1 points
QUESTION 21
The majority of Earth's volume is within the
inner core.
crust.
mantle.
outer core.
0.1 points
QUESTION 22
Which of the following statements about Earth's core is NOT correct?
The inner core is believed to be liquid and the outer core solid.
A third of Earth's entire mass, but only 1/6th of its volume lies in its core.
It is composed primarily of iron.
Scientists think the inner core formed before the outer core.
0.1 points
QUESTION 23
The half-life of a radioactive isotope does not vary.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 24
Which of the following is CORRECT in regards to the geologic time scale?
The largest defined unit is an eon or, according to some, a supereon.
Every period is composed of 2 epochs.
An era is the smallest unit of geologic time.
An epoch is composed of one or more periods.
0.1 points
QUESTION 25
Of the elements in Earth's crusts, ________ makes up the most of Earth's crust by weight.
oxygen (O)
silicon (Si)
Iron (Fe)
Aluminum (Al)
0.1 points
QUESTION 26
Which of the following plays a role in the shaping of Earth's surface?
The action of wind, water, and ice
The radioactive decay of atoms
Gravity
Gravity, wind, water, and ice, and radioactive decay
Gravity and wind, water, and ice only
0.1 points
QUESTION 27
Which of the following are located along the mid-ocean ridges?
Volcanoes
Outcrops of granite
Evaporite deposits
Old oceanic sediments
0.1 points
QUESTION 28
Approximately 95% of Earth's crust is made up of
phosphates.
silicates.
oxides.
carbonates.
0.1 points
QUESTION 29
Which of the following is the fuel for continental drift and plate tectonics?
Nuclear fusion
Solar energy
Chemical reactions in Earth's core
Radioactive decay
0.1 points
QUESTION 30
The continuous alteration of Earth materials from one rock type to another is known as the
tectonic cycle.
rock cycle.
geologic cycle.
hydrologic cycle.
0.1 points
QUESTION 31
Molten rock beneath Earth's surface is known as ________, whereas molten rock on Earth's surface is called ________.
intrusive; extrusive
extrusive; intrusive
lava; magma
magma; lava
0.1 points
QUESTION 32
Limestone formed from the shells of marine organisms is an example of ________ sedimentary rock.
biochemical
clastic
chemical
organic
0.1 points
QUESTION 33
Tectonic forces are an example of
exogenic processes.
endogenic processes.
both exogenic and endogenic processes.
neither exogenic nor endogenic processes.
0.1 points
QUESTION 34
In terms of human-environment interaction, which of the following is an example of an anthropogenic endogenic process contributing to the geologic cycle?
Harnessing geothermal energy for electricity development.
Strip mining.
Rock removal for building contributing to land slides.
Injection wells contributing to earthquake activity.
0.1 points
QUESTION 35
Ocean floor subducts under continents because
the weight of the continents is so great that they push the ocean floor material downward.
the ocean floor is made up of silica and magnesium and is more dense than continental material.
the ocean floor is made of silica and aluminum s and is heavier than continental material.
the ocean floor has a lower density and therefore sinks more easily.
0.1 points
QUESTION 36
Which of the following is NOT correct?
The Hawai'ian island chain will subduct in approximately 40 my.
The formation of the big island of Hawai'i took less than 1 my.
Measured from the sea floor to its summit, Mauna Kea is the tallest mountain on Earth.
The newest Hawai'ian island, Lo'ihi, should reach the surface in around 10,000 years.
0.1 points
QUESTION 37
The asthenosphere can best be described as
a liquid.
a rigid solid.
a plastic.
a plasma.
0.1 points
QUESTION 38
Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the metamorphism process?
It involves melting of the original rock.
It can be accomplished by chemical processes.
It can be accomplished by pressure.
It can be accomplished by heat.
0.1 points
QUESTION 39
Humans can contribute to both the endogenic and exogenic processes shape Earth.
True
False
0.1 points
QUESTION 40
The Moho separates the uppermost mantle from the crust.
True
False
indirect evidence involving the analysis of seismic waves.
direct sampling of the interior using deep-test wells.
historic and prehistoric records.
work in Earth's deepest caverns and caves.
Explanation / Answer
1)Knowledge of Earth's interior is mostly derived from
Indirect evidence involving the analysis of seismic waves.....
It is because it is difficult, rather impossible to dig inside 6400km in such a high temperature and pressure.
option a is correct
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