1. What is the Developmental stage of toddlers according to Erickson 2. What are

Question

1. What is the Developmental stage of toddlers according to Erickson 2. What are the safety hazards for 3. Explain Psychomotor skills of 4. What are behaviors and reactions of 5. What is is the Psychologic toddlers toddlers toddlers developmental status of 2 year old (neglect) 6. How to respond to a two year old, 2 year and a half and three year old. 7. What is the Importance of knowing growth and development. 8. How to communicate with toddlers 9. How to handle toddlers when stressing and anxiety. 10. What are the Kinds of play for toddlers and what is the amount time allowed to play. 11. What are the Reasons why toddlers can't sleep

Explanation / Answer

1. Erik Erikson proposed a psychoanalytic theory of psychosocial development comprising eight stages from infancy to adulthood. During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome for personality development.

As toddlers (ages 1–3 years) begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on their environment to get results. They begin to show clear preferences for certain elements of the environment, such as food, toys, and clothing. A toddler’s main task is to resolve the issue of autonomy vs. shame and doubt by working to establish independence. This is the “me do it” stage. For example, we might observe a budding sense of autonomy in a 2-year-old child who wants to choose her clothes and dress herself. Although her outfits might not be appropriate for the situation, her input in such basic decisions has an effect on her sense of independence. If denied the opportunity to act on her environment, she may begin to doubt her abilities, which could lead to low self-esteem  and feelings of shame.

2. There are many dangerous home hazards that you must look out for, especially when raising a toddler that is eager to explore their curiosity around the house. Here are the eight most dangerous hazards for toddlers;

* Sharp objects

* Dangerous chemicals

* cooking hazards

* Stairs and windows

* Electrical hazards

* Playful pets

* health hazards

* Doors and furniture

3. Physical changes will be the basis for rapid development of the child's motor skills. Different skills are locomotor (walking, running, jumping), and postural manipulation (throwing, seize, grasp). At 13--15 months the child walks with legs and standing at 13 months. Specific development is influenced by environmental factors (diet and exercise).

4. The period between 18 months and 3 years is an exciting time. Toddlers are becoming aware that they are separate individuals from their parents and the other important people in their world. This means that they are eager to assert themselves, communicate their likes and dislikes, and act independently (as much as they can!). At the same time, they still have limited self-control and are just beginning to learn important skills like waiting, sharing and turn-taking.

As toddlers are also just beginning to use words to communicate, they rely heavily on their actions to “tell” us what they are thinking and feeling. When a toddler wants a toy, he may take your hand, walk you to the toy shelf, and point to the one he wants, essentially “saying” with his gestures.

5. Extends trusting relationships to other adults and to children with whom he or she plays frequently; shows preferences for these adults and children (e.g., hugs favorite teacher when he or she arrives at preschool, goes to favorite teacher for comfort after a fall on the playground).

Shows strong sense of self as an individual (e.g., says, "No!" to an adult's request, simply to assert

Recognizes feelings when emotions are labeled by adult (e.g., teacher says, "I know you feel scared about that," and the child calms a bit). Increases his or her understanding and use of language related to emotions (e.g., says, "Mommy's happy now."). Expands his or her understanding of what others' feelings mean (e.g., looks at father's expression and

Continues to find the regulation of emotions difficult. As a result, frustration may still trigger tantrums. Uses a wider range of coping strategies (e.g., comfort objects, words that label feelings). Continues to need a great deal of adult support.

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