Draw a tree/flowchart that shows how the nervous system is divided and where bra

Question

Draw a tree/flowchart that shows how the nervous system is divided and where branches originate. (Begin with CNS and PNS and go down to the somatic nervous system and the ANS, etc.) This will help you understand connections and signal directions.

Discuss the four basic types of cell configurations, how they work, and where they can be found.

4. Describe how neurons generate and conduct electrical and chemical impulses.

5. Identify the specific mechanisms that could be targeted by a drug that would block the transmission of impulses across a synapse.

Explanation / Answer

Nervous system detects and responds to changes inside and outside the body.

The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. The structure and organization of the tissues that form these components enables rapid communication between different parts of the body

Peripheral nervous system

Central nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Sensory division

Brain and spinal cord

Motor division

Sensory or afferent neurone

Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves

Motor or efferent neurone

Sensory receptors

Effector organs

Somatic (voluntary)

Skeletal muscle

Autonomic (involuntary)

A cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle

Glands

Senses

Internal environment (autonomic)

Sympathetic division

Parasympathetic division

Question no:2

The neurons of CNS are supported by 4 types of non- excited glial cells that make up a quarter to a half of the volume of brain tissue.

Unlike nerve cells, these continue to replicate throughout life.

S.no

Cells

Description

1.

Astrocytes

2.

Oligodendrocytes

3

Microglia

4.

Ependymal cells

Question no:3

Neurons have the characteristics of irritability and conductivity

Irritability

Conductivity

Is the ability to initiate nerve impulses in response to stimuli from:

Conductivity means the ability to transmit an impulse

Question no:4

They are 4 steps:

Step 1: synthesized and storage

Neurotransmitter must be synthesized and stored in vesicles so that when an action potential arrives at the nerve ending, the cell is ready to pass it along to the next neuron.

Step 2: neurotransmitter release:

When an action potential does arrive at the terminal, the neurotransmitter must be quickly and efficiently released from the terminal and into the synaptic cleft.

Step 3: neurotransmitter postsynaptic receptors:

Neurotransmitter must then be recognized by selective receptors on the postsynaptic cell so that it can pass along the signal and initiate another action potential.

Step 4: inactivation of neurotransmitter:

It avoids constant stimulation of the postsynaptic cell, while at the same time freeing up the receptor sites so that they can receive additional neurotransmitter molecules.

Peripheral nervous system

Central nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Sensory division

Brain and spinal cord

Motor division

Sensory or afferent neurone

Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves

Motor or efferent neurone

Sensory receptors

Effector organs

Somatic (voluntary)

Skeletal muscle

Autonomic (involuntary)

A cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle

Glands

Senses

1. Sight
2. Hearing
3. Smell
4. Taste
5. Touch

Internal environment (autonomic)

1. Chemoreceptor
2. Baro receptors
3. Osmoreceptors
4. Gustatory receptors

Sympathetic division

Parasympathetic division

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