AT&T; LTE 10:18 AM X Neurological Disorders Case Study 1 of 2 Scenario D.HL, a 5

Question

AT&T; LTE 10:18 AM X Neurological Disorders Case Study 1 of 2 Scenario D.HL, a 54-year-old resort owner, has had multiple chronic medical problems, including type 2 diabetes mellinus (DM) for 25 years, which has progressed to insulin-dependent DM for the past 10 years; a kidney transplant 5 years ago with no signs of rejection at ast biopsy; hypertension (HTN): and remote peptic ulcer disease (PUD). His drugs. He visited his local physician with complaints of (C/O) left ear, mastoid, and sinus pain. He was diagnosed with sinusitis and Candida albicans infection (thrush) cephalexin and nystatin were prescribed. Later that evening he developed nausea and vomiting (NV), hematemesis, and weakness, and he was taken to the emergency department (ED). He was admitted and started on IV antibioics, but his condition worsened throughout the night; his dyspnea increased and he developed dfficulty speaking. He was flown to a tertiary referral center and was intubated en route. On amival,D.H had decreased levell of consciousness (LOC) with periods of total unresponsiveness, weakness, and cranial nerve deficits. His diagnosis is meningitis complicated by an aspiration pneumonia and atrial fibnillation. D.H. has continued fever and leukocytosis despite aggressive antibloic therapy 1. Why is this dient at risk for infection? 2. Describe bacterial meningitis. 3. Identify and provide a rationale for four diagnostic or laboratory tests that can be used in diagnosing meningitis. List seven interventions for management of this clients current problems Open With Print

Explanation / Answer

1.The compromised immune system is the risk of infection for this patient. Diabetes and the immunosuppressant are the risk factor for thrush in men. Factors such as diabetes, immunosuppressants affects the immune system and possible risk for meningitis. The most dangerous complication of sinus infection is meningitis. The infection causes swelling that leads to pressure on the brain and the spinal cord results in meningitis.

2. Bacterial Meningitis is occurred due to bacteria that enter the spinal cord through the bloodstream which directly affects the meninges. The cause of bacterial meningitis is the ear infection, sinus infection, fracture in the skull or some surgeries. The most common microorganisms are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitides, Hemophilus Influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes. Missing of vaccination, age, pregnancy, Living in community, the poor immune system is the risk factors for meningitis. The onset of symptoms is fever, headache, stiff neck. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, confusion, and photophobia.  Bacterial meningitis is a serious condition that needs immediate attention.

3. Diagnostic Findings

4. Interventions:

Tests Rationale Samples of cerebrospinal fluid To detect the cause of infection. Culture and Gram staining To identify the causative organism Meningitis rash Glass Test To identify meningeal rash CT scan To detect brain abscess.

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