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Data P5-1: Due to erratic sales of its product--a high-capacity battery for lapt

ID: 2427074 • Letter: D

Question

Data P5-1: Due to erratic sales of its product--a high-capacity battery for laptop computers--PEM Inc,, has been experiencing difficulty for some time. The company's contribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below along with other information. PEM, INC. Information from recent month's income statement: Sales $585,000 Units sold 19,500 Sales price per unit $30 Less variable expenses 409,500 Contribution margin 175,500 Less fixed expenses 180,000 Net operating loss ($4,500) Information for Part 2: Increase in monthly advertising budget $16,000 Increase in monthly sales $80,000 Information for Part 3: Reduction in selling price 10% Increase in monthly advertising budget $60,000 Increase in monthly unit sales 100% Information for Part 4: Increase in packaging cost per unit $0.75 Targeted profit each month $9,750 Information for Part 5: Reduction in variable costs per unit $3 Increase in monthly fixed costs $72,000 Expected sales in units 26,000 Required: 1. Compute the company's CM ratio and its break-even point in both units and dollars. 2. The president believes that a $16,000 increase in the monthly advertising budget, combined with an      intensified effort by the sales staff, will result in an $80,000 increase in monthly sales. If the president      is right, what will be the effect on the company's monthly net operating income or loss? (Use the      incremental approach in preparing your answer.) 3. Refer to the original data. The sales manager is convinced that a 10% reduction in the selling price,      combined with an increase of $60,000 in the monthly advertising budget, will cause unit sales to      double. What will the new contribution format income statement look like if these changes are adopted? 4. Refer to the original data. The Marketing Department thinks that a fancy new package for the laptop      computer battery would help sales. The new package would increase packaging costs by 75 cents per      unit. Assuming no other changes, how many units would have to be sold each month to earn a profit of      $9,750? 5. Refer to the original data. By automating certain operations, the company could reduce variable costs by          $3 per unit. However, fixed costs would increase by $72,000 each month.        a. Compute the new CM ratio and the new break-even point in both units and dollars.      b. Assume that the company expects to sell 26,000 units next month. Prepare two contribution format           income statements, one assuming that operations are not automated and one assuming that they are.           (Show data on a per unit and percentage basis, as well as in total for each alternative.)      c. Would you recommend that the company automate its operations? Explain. Data P5-1: Due to erratic sales of its product--a high-capacity battery for laptop computers--PEM Inc,, has been experiencing difficulty for some time. The company's contribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below along with other information. PEM, INC. Information from recent month's income statement: Sales $585,000 Units sold 19,500 Sales price per unit $30 Less variable expenses 409,500 Contribution margin 175,500 Less fixed expenses 180,000 Net operating loss ($4,500) Information for Part 2: Increase in monthly advertising budget $16,000 Increase in monthly sales $80,000 Information for Part 3: Reduction in selling price 10% Increase in monthly advertising budget $60,000 Increase in monthly unit sales 100% Information for Part 4: Increase in packaging cost per unit $0.75 Targeted profit each month $9,750 Information for Part 5: Reduction in variable costs per unit $3 Increase in monthly fixed costs $72,000 Expected sales in units 26,000 Required: 1. Compute the company's CM ratio and its break-even point in both units and dollars. 2. The president believes that a $16,000 increase in the monthly advertising budget, combined with an      intensified effort by the sales staff, will result in an $80,000 increase in monthly sales. If the president      is right, what will be the effect on the company's monthly net operating income or loss? (Use the      incremental approach in preparing your answer.) 3. Refer to the original data. The sales manager is convinced that a 10% reduction in the selling price,      combined with an increase of $60,000 in the monthly advertising budget, will cause unit sales to      double. What will the new contribution format income statement look like if these changes are adopted? 4. Refer to the original data. The Marketing Department thinks that a fancy new package for the laptop      computer battery would help sales. The new package would increase packaging costs by 75 cents per      unit. Assuming no other changes, how many units would have to be sold each month to earn a profit of      $9,750? 5. Refer to the original data. By automating certain operations, the company could reduce variable costs by          $3 per unit. However, fixed costs would increase by $72,000 each month.        a. Compute the new CM ratio and the new break-even point in both units and dollars.      b. Assume that the company expects to sell 26,000 units next month. Prepare two contribution format           income statements, one assuming that operations are not automated and one assuming that they are.           (Show data on a per unit and percentage basis, as well as in total for each alternative.)      c. Would you recommend that the company automate its operations? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

Contribution margin =Selling price per unit-Variable cost per unit

Contribution margin ratio=Sales-Variable cost/Sales *100

CM ratio=175500/585000*100=30 %

Breakeven point =Fixed cost cost/Contribution margin per unit

Contribution margin per unit=175500/19500=9 per unit

Breakeven point=180000/9=20000 units

Breakeven point in dollars=Breakeven quantity * selling price per unit=20000*30=600000$

Increase in monthly sales=$80,000

New fixed cost=180000+16000=196000

New sales=585000+80000=665000 $

New contribution=New Sales-Variable cost=665000-409500=255500

Sales                                                                     665000

Less: Variable expense                                      409500

Contribution margin                                          255500

Less: Fixed expenses                                           196000

Net operating income                                           59500

Increase in monthly advertising budget =$60,000

New fixed expenses=180000+60000=240000

New sales quantity=39,000

Sales

$10,53,000

Units sold

39,000

Sales price per unit

$27

Less variable expenses

409,500

Contribution margin

643,500

Less fixed expenses

240,000

Net operating income

403,500

               

Required profit=9750$

New sales=52.5 *19500=1023750

Variable expense=409500

Variable expense per unit=409500/19500=21 per unit

New variable expense per unit after packaging =36.75

New variable expenses=36.75*19500=716625

New contribution=New Sales- Variable expenses

New contribution=1023750-716625=307125

Net profit=Contribution-Fixed expenses=307125-180000=$127125

New variable cost per unit=21-3=18 per unit

New fixed cost=180000+72000=252000

Selling price per unit=30 $

Contribution per unit=30-18=12$

Contribution ratio=12/18*100=66.67%

Breakeven point=Fixed cost/Contribution per unit=252000/12=21000 units

Breakeven point sales=21000*30=420000

Automated operations

Sales

26000*30

$780,000

Units sold

26,000

Sales price per unit

$30

Less variable expenses

18*26000

468,000

Contribution margin

312,000

Less fixed expenses

252,000

Net operating gain

60,000

% Net operating gain=Net gain/Sales*100=60,000/780,000*100=7.69%

Non automated operations

Sales

$780,000

Units sold

260000

Sales price per unit

$30

Less variable expenses

409,500

Contribution margin

370,500

Less fixed expenses

180,000

Net operating gain

190,500

% Net operating gain= 190,500/780,000*100=2.4%

Sales

$10,53,000

Units sold

39,000

Sales price per unit

$27

Less variable expenses

409,500

Contribution margin

643,500

Less fixed expenses

240,000

Net operating income

403,500