Chapter 30 Promoting Bowel Elmination 267 2. Give the possible cause for each of
ID: 243401 • Letter: C
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Chapter 30 Promoting Bowel Elmination 267 2. Give the possible cause for each of the following abnormal stool characteristics- (569-570) Occult blood old blird inin c. Pale-colored b. e Foul-smelling stool that foats in waterpeisan stod s high-insats- & Hard, dry stool Constipalian Preoperative assessment of the patient who is to undergo an ostomy may reve sdee lamadicaions 3. al fear of: (580, 582) b. d. 4. One intervention that can be helpful to the patient who is to have an ostomy is: (582) 5. Three types of intestinal diversions are: (581-582) b. c. 6. Four ways to prevent constipation are: (569-570) b. d. 7. Precautions when giving a large-volume enema include: (576-579, Skill 30-1) a. b. C. Copyright2014, 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Explanation / Answer
2. a) MELENA
It is defined as black or tarry appearance to stools due to the bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal system such as oesophagus, stomach or the ascending colon.
causes would be due to peptic ulcer disease, some anticoagulant medications such as warfarin. or any iron supplements or black foods.
b. OCCULT BLOOD
Simply it means occult blood in stool but not like melena. here, blood is not visible as like in melena.
causes may be benign and malignant growth or polyps in the colon, Haemorrhoids (ruptured), anal fissures or intestinal infections.
c. PALE COLOURED STOOL
Light coloured white or clay-coloured stool
causes may be due to the disease of the liver or bile ducts(lack of bile causes stool to lose its brown colour and appearing pale.)
4) mucus
a jelly-like substance that lines the intestines to keep the lining of the colon moist and lubricated is mucus in faeces can found in small amounts in stools.
causes would be intestinal infections like diarrhoea.
5) FOUL SMELLING STOOL THAT FLOAT IN WATER
The causes may be due to excess gas and malabsorption( stools passes through the intestine very quickly )or poor absorption of nutrients, lactose intolerance as well(inability to digest lactose can cause flatulence and diarrhoea)
6. Diarrhoea (LIQUID STOOL)
A condition in which faeces are evacuated frequently and in a liquid form from the bowel.
causes would be the bacterial, viral or parasitic infection in the gastrointestinal tract.irritable bowel syndrome also is known as the common cause of diarrhoea.
7.CONSTIPATION
a condition in which difficulty for evacuation due to hardening of stools.
the main cause is dehydration, less physical activity(physical activity keeps the metabolism high), less fibre rich diet(fibre promotes bowel movements and prevents constipation).
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