only the odd questions Chapter 4 Routes of Administration and the Drug Cycle Cha
ID: 246706 • Letter: O
Question
only the odd questions
Chapter 4 Routes of Administration and the Drug Cycle Chapter Review Quiz Yourself 1. List two disadvantages encountered when administering some drugs by the oral route I route of administration provides more rapid absorption of a drug than the oral route. True or False? 3. A diabetic injects insulin via what route of administration? 4. Name three acceptable sites for an intramuscular injection in an adult 5. Differentiate between the IV push, I.V. drip, and I.V. piggyback routes of drug administration 6. A drug administered via the intravesical route would be administered into what organ? 7. Describe the steps of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of a drug that is administe 8. What is meant by the phrase first-pass effect? 9. How do plasma proteins such as albumin regulate the amount of drug circulating in the blood? 10. Describe how the blood-brain barrier functions with respect to various drugs 11. Give two reasons why standard drug doses may need to be decreased for elderly patients 12. Give two reasons why drugs reaching the kidney may not be immediately excreted in the urine. 13. Define the following abbreviations: A.s, IM, IM, KVo, NG, NPO, O.u, Po, sQ. 14. Define each of the chapter Key Words and Phrases Spelling Tips not intervenous. Also with intra-arterial, intracardiac, intradermal, intramuscular and intrathecal. The prefix intra- means within. The prefix inter- means between parenteral not parental.Explanation / Answer
1. ANS:
1. It is difficult for some patients to swallow the largest tablets and capsules.
2. Cannot be used for patients who are unconscious or vomiting.
2. ANS: True
3. ANS: A.S. = auris sinistra = left ear
O.U. = oculus unitas or oculus uterque = both eyes or each eye
4. ANS: Subcutaneous
5. ANS: Ventrogluteal, deltoid, dorsogluteal, and vastus lateralis
6. ANS: I.V. push (aka bolus) = the whole amount of a drug can be injected in a short period of time through a port by pushing on the plunger of the syringe.
I.V. drip (aka I.V. infusion) = drug is injected into the fluid of a large I.V. bag and administered continuously over several hours.
I.V. piggyback = drug injected into a small I.V. bag of fluid that is then attached (piggybacked) onto an existing primary I.V. line.
7. ANS: Bladder
8. ANS: Spinal meninges or cerebrospinal fluid
9. ANS: All drugs administered orally are absorbed through the membranes of the stomach or intestines and enter the blood of the portal vein. They are then metabolized by liver enzymes which transform the drug from its original active form to a less active or even inactive form. Drugs then leave the liver and enter the general circulation. Unbound drugs pass through the glomerular membrane and are excreted in the urine. Drugs bound to albumin remain in the general circulation.
10. ANS: Drugs administered orally must first pass through the liver and be metabolized before entering the general systemic circulation.
11. ANS: As unbound drug leaves the blood, albumin releases bound drug so that equilibrium is maintained in the blood.
12. ANS: Protect the brain
13. ANS:
1. Decreased drug metabolism rates due to decreased liver function.
2. Decreased rates of drug excretion due to decreased kidney function.
14. ANS:
1. Drugs bound to albumin are not excreted.
2. Unbound molecules of fat-soluble drugs are more attracted to the lipid structure of the renal tubule wall than urine and return to the blood.
Please remind this note: Answering to many questions is against to CHEGG GUIDELINESS
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