6) How does the hypothalamus exert control over the posterior pituitary gland? a

Question

6) How does the hypothalamus exert control over the posterior pituitary gland? anterior pituitary gland? 7) What is a trophic hormone? 8) I slightly modified this figure from your text (to give you a bit more to explain). Use the figure to explain how thyroid hormone level in the blood (and thus, the body's basal metabolic rate) is maintained in a relatively constant range Sensor ? Integrating center Hypothalamus Effector Thyrotropin- releasing hormone TRH) Anterior pituitary- Thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH) Thyroid Thyroxine Growth of thyroid

Explanation / Answer

The pituatary gland is the master gland and it consits of two parts- anterior pituatary and posterior pituatary. This master gland is however regulated by the hypothalamus.

1-Posterior Pituatary: Posterior pituatary is basically a continuation of hypothalamus and attached to it by the stalk. Hormones which are synthesised and secreted in the supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus are stored in the posterior gland.

2-Anterior pituatary gland: Hypothalamus regulates anterior pituatary gland by releasing hormones and inhibhitory hornmones which stimulate and inhibhit the hormone release respectively.

2- Trophic hormone are thr hormones that have other endocrime glands as their target. Most of the trophic hormones are secreted by anterior pituatary.

3- The blue lines at the right panel is showing negative feedback controls . The negative control on hypothalamus is called as long negative feedback loop. The negative control on anterior pituatary is Short negative feedback loop. When the levels of thyroxine is high , it exerts the negative feedback control and decreases the amount of TRH released from hypothalamus and TSH from the thyroid.

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