11. What does voltage-gated ion channel and ligand-gated ion channel do in neuro
ID: 253499 • Letter: 1
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11. What does voltage-gated ion channel and ligand-gated ion channel do in neurons? 12. Why do cells maintain low level of Ca++? 13. How to move CI-across the membrane? When this protein is mutated, what kind of disease does it cause? 14. How does endocytosis occur? How does exocytosis occur?- That is, what happens to membrane lipid and what kind of protein come to help 15. How do virus cross plasma membrane? 16. Once a substance is engulfed into cells, which structure determine their fate? What happens if it is a toxic or bact debris? 17. What's the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?Explanation / Answer
11)ion channels are pore performing membrane proteins.they are two types of membrane channels
(1) voltage gated ion channels-it is activated by changes in voltage gradient across plasma membrane.it is important neurons.
these are - voltage gated sodium channels,voltage gated potassium channels,voltage gated calcium channels
voltage gated sodium channels -it transmits fast action potential to cell body to axaon terminal
12) increased level of calcium levels will causes precipitation of organic anions so it will be in low concentration which maintained by ER calcium ATP ase
potassium ,and calcium voltage gated channesls are cell body dendrites which act on much slower ti,e scale
(2) ligand gated ion channels- a molecule which can bind receptor,and it is present outside of the cell receptor.i
it is present in the post synaptic side of the neuron.it act in response to a secreated external ligand typically neurotransimiiter such as acetylcholine,gaba,glycin,glutamte.
13) Cystic fibrosis is a disease which is caused by mutations or errors, in cystic fibrosis trans membrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which cause no CFTR protein
being made or a malformed CFTR protein which can't perform its key function in the cell.
Where the CFTR function is to create channels on the cell surface to allow the movement of a negatively charged particles like chloride in and out of the cell. When the CFTR protein is in normal so there will be normal balance in the chloride ions
14) endocytocis is the moment of materials into the cells by forming vessicals into the cells and opposite to endocytocis is exocytosis
phagocytosis is eating and pinocytosis is drinking
due to several questions and lack of time iiam unable to complete it so please ask the questions which was not answered again thank you
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