For each of the bacterial species described below, choose their phylum or class

Question

For each of the bacterial species described below, choose their phylum or class from these choices:
Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Alpha-proteobacteria, Beta-proteobacteria, Gamma-proteobacteria, and Spirochetes  

1. Neisseria gonorrhoeaeis a diplococcus that causes a sexually transmitted disease.
2. The sexually transmitted disease syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum.

3.Epulopiscium fishelsoni is a huge (up to 600 microns long) bacterium that is found in fish intestines.

4.Rhizobium meliloti forms a nitrogen fixing symbiosis with alfalfa plants.

5.Escherichia coli is a glycolytic facultative anaerobe that lives in the colon but may cause bladder infections.

6.The antibiotic vancomycin is made by Streptomyces orientalis.

Explanation / Answer

Q1)Neisseria gonorrhoeaeis a diplococcus that causes a sexually transmitted disease.

Answer:- Belongs to class- Beta proteobacteria.

Explanation:-

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a gram-negative diplococci bacteria belongs to classs- Beta proteobacteria, it was isolated by Albert Neisser in 1879. It causes the sexually transmitted genitourinary infection gonorrhea.

Q2)  The sexually transmitted disease syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum.

Answer:- Belongs to phyllum - spirochaetes.

Explanation-

Treponema pallidum is a spirochaete bacterium , it causes syphilis, bejel, and yaws. It is a helically coiled microorganism usually 6–15 µm long and 0.1–0.2 µm wide.It has a cytoplasmic and an outer membrane . It belongs to phylum spirochaete, this is a double-membrane bacteria, having a long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled) cells, thats why they are named Spirochaetes , it stain gram-negative and are chemoheterotrophic in nature.

Q3)Epulopiscium fishelsoni is a huge (up to 600 microns long) bacterium that is found in fish intestines.

Answer- Belongs to phylum Firmicutes.

Explanation:- Epulopiscium fishelsoni is a species of Gram-positive bacteria which has a symbiotic relationship with surgeonfish. These bacteria are best known for their large size, ranging from 200–700 ?m in length,and is found in the gut or intestine of fish. It belongs to the phylum Firmicutes. Firmicutes produce endospores, which are resistant to desiccation and can survive extreme conditions.  This bacteria helps the fish in breaking down algal nutrients.

Q4) Rhizobium meliloti forms a nitrogen fixing symbiosis with alfalfa plants. belongs to class alpha proteobacteria

Answer- class -Alphaproteobacteria.

Explanation:-

It is a Gram-negative nitrogen-fixing bacteria living in soil and shows a symbiotic relationship with host plants.

Q5) Escherichia coli is a glycolytic facultative anaerobe that lives in the colon but may cause bladder infections.

Answer - It belongs to class - Gamma proteobacteria.

Explanation:-

E.coli is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of genus Escherichia , and class - Gamma proteobacteria, it is mostly found in the lower intestine of warm blooded organisms. Gammaproteobacteria are the medically and scientifically important groups of bacteria, like Enterobacteriacea, Vibrionaceae etc. Many important pathogens also belongs to this class, they are Salmonella spp. (enteritis and typhoid fever), Yersinia pestis (plague), Vibrio cholerae (cholera) and Escherichia coli (food poisoning).

Q6) The antibiotic vancomycin is made by Streptomyces orientalis.

Answer- Phylum -Actinobacteria .Class- Actinobacteria

Explanation-

Streptomyces orientalis belongs to phylum- Actinobacteria and class- Actinobactera ,is responsible for sore throat infections and wound infections in humans.It was the source from which the antibiotic vancomycin is prepared.

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