Bio Chem Help Please! 1. Pathway regulation (25 points) a. State whether each of
ID: 254728 • Letter: B
Question
Bio Chem Help Please!
1. Pathway regulation (25 points) a. State whether each of the following conditions is more likely to favor glycolysis or gluconeogenesis (no explanation needed) i, increase in ATP ii, increase in AMP'S ii. increase in F2,6BP iv. increase in citrate V. increase in insulin VI. increase in glucagon b. We mentioned lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, the enzyme that generates lactate from pyruvate in lactic acid fermentation) earlier in the class when we discussed isozymes. It is a tetrameric enzyme composed of two subunit types, M and H The enzyme form in the heart is H4 and the muscle form is M4. Heart cells are capable of very high rates of the citric acid cycle and are full of mitochondria (where the citric acid cycle occurs), much more so than muscle cells. The heart isozyme of LDH is strongly inhibited allosterically by pyruvate, while the muscle isozyme is not. Explain why this differing regulation makes sense considering the function of these two tissue types (2-4 sentences)Explanation / Answer
Ans 1
(i) gluconeogenesis
(ii) glycolysis
(iii) glycolysis
(iv) gluconeogenesis
(V) glycolysis
(vi) gluconeogenesis
Ans 2
During heavy exercise, when the amount of oxygen necessary for oxidative phosphorylation exceeds the amount of usable oxygen being inhaled by the individual. In order to produce the amount of ATP necessary to continue the exercise, the body will switch to anaerobic respiration, which involves repetitive glycolysis and fermentation.In order to exhaust the high levels of pyruvate that will accumulate from glycolysis, the enzyme Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolizes the pyruvate into lactic acid in muscles.
While the heart isozyme of LDH is inhibited by pyruvate for preventing the heart failure because in noncancerous conditions that can raise LDH levels.
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