Which of the following would most likely increase a person\'s risk of invasion b
ID: 255069 • Letter: W
Question
Which of the following would most likely increase a person's risk of invasion by pathogenic microbes? a. increased urine flow b. loss of epidermal tissue c. increased action of cilia d. increased intestinal motility e. increase sweating 11. Which of the following is NOT considered a nonspecific or innate defense mechanism? a. b. c. d. e. Stomach acids Skin Antibodies in mother' s milk Lysozyme in tears Mucus in the respiratory tract 12. Which of the following types of T cell is used to coordinate and enhance the immune a. T-helper cells b. T-regulatory cells c. T-cytotoxic cells d. T-memory cells e. T-supressor cells 13. The tonsils: a. are located in nasal cavity b. decrease in size in adults c. known as adenoids can cause apnea d. All of the above e. A and C only 14. Which of the following anatomical features is/are common to thymus, lymph node and spleen? 1. Germinal center 2. Capsule 3. Trabeculae 4. Medulla 5. Hilus a. 1 and 2 b. 2, 3 and 4 c. 4 and 5 d. 2 only e. 2 and 3Explanation / Answer
Answer 10
Option B is correct i.e "loss of epidermal tissue".
Loss of epidermal tissue allows the pathogen to enter or invade the host cells and replicate within the cells. Epidermal tissue acts as a barrier so that pathogen does not get entry into the host cell and colonize the cell because colonization of pathogen inside the body causes the development of disease condition.
Whereas other options given in the question leads to fast clearance of pathogen from the body.
Answer 11
Option C is correct i.e " Antibodies in mother milk".
Because Antibodies are part of adaptive immune reponse and antibodies has specificity towards particular infectious agent whereas other options given in the question are physical and chemical barriers and are part of innate immune system because all are non-specific to the antigen. Innate immune system components are not specific to particular pathogen but rather acts against all foreign molecules and pathogens.
Answer 12
Option A is correct i.e "T helper cells".
When Antigen presenting cells (APC) present the antigen to the T helper cell (TH cells) along with self MHC molecule, this phenomena results in activation of naive T cell to the active T helper cell. Further active T helper coordinate and enhances the whole adaptive immune system cells by releasing the cytokines which acts on another immune cells thus causing activation of other cells like Cytotoxic T cell , B cells etc.
Answer 13
Option D is correct i.e "All of the above".
Tonsils are lymph nodes that are located at the back of the throat.
a)Tonsils are located in posterior nasal cavity.
b) Adenoids are pharyngeal tonsil and swollen tonsils are major cause of sleeping apnea (unable to breathe).
c)Tonsils size decrease in adults, till pre-teen age tonsils grow then at age 12 or so they began to shrink.
Answer 14
Option E is correct i.e "(2) & (3)".
Capsule and trabeculae are the anatomical features that are common to all three.
Whereas germinal center are only present in secondary lymphoid tissues (i.e lymph nodes and spleen). Medulla region only present in thymus and lymph nodes but not in spleen.
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