5. Define the types of repetitive sequences of DNA that are depicted in the foll

Question

5. Define the types of repetitive sequences of DNA that are depicted in the following diagram, then, for each genetic marker at the bottom, give an example of how it is used in recombinant DNA technology. Note: write your answers in complete sentences! Repetitive DNA Highly repetitive Middle repetitive Satellite DNA Tandem repeats Interspersed retrotransposons Types of repetitive sequences of DNA ? Multiple copy genes Mini- satellites Micro- satellites SINEs LINEs Examples of genetic markers ? rRNA genes VNTRs STRS Alu L1

Explanation / Answer

Repetitive DNA: is a stretch of DNA that repeat many times in genome. More than 50% of the genome, consist of repetitive DNA. These repetitive DNA can be used as genetic marker like in finger-printing.

Multiple copy genes: These gene are present in multiple number in the genome.

Mini-satellites: In these region, repetitive motif consist of 10-100 base pair. It is highly repetitive.

Micro- satellites: In these region, repetitive motif consist of 1 to 9 base pair. It is moderately repetitive.

SINE: These are short interspersed elements and are short repeats of 500 nucleotides lie between the genes.

LINE: Long interspersed elements consist of high repeats more than 500 nucleotides.

rRNA: these are used to make proteins in recombinant DNA technology.

VNTR (variable number tendem repeats ) are used in DNA fingerprinting.

STR: (Short tendem repeats are used in forensic science)

Alu: Alu are used DNA fingerprinting

L1: used as transposon elements or jumping genes in recombinant DNA technology

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