What are adaptations? A) geologic changes over time B) rocks containing fossils

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What are adaptations? A) geologic changes over time B) rocks containing fossils C) inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival D) descent with modification from a common ancestor 31) Within six months of effectively using methicilin to treat S. aureus infections in a community, all new S.aureus infections were caused by MRSA. How can this best be explained? A) Methicillin caused mutant bacteria that resist antibiotics B) S. aureus evolved to resist vaccines. C) In response to the drug, S. aureus began making drug-resistant versions of the protein targeted by the drug. D) Some drug-resistant bacteria were present at the start of treatment, and natural selection increased their frequency 32) Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, which develop from similar embryonic tissues. These structural similarities are an example of B) the evolution of common structure as a result of biogeography A) homology C) convergent evolution D) the evolution of similar appearance as a result of common function 33) Which statement best explains why modifications during the lifetime of an individual are not inherited? A) Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are not passed on through genes. B) Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are always passed to offspring C) Evolution is goal-directed D) Evolution leads to perfect organisms 34) Microevolutions occur when A) a bird has a beak of a particular size that does not grow larger during a drought B) changes in allele frequencies in a population occur over generations C) gene flow evenly transfers alleles between species D) individuals within all species vary in their phenotypic traits 35) Genetic variation A) is never caused by mutations B) decreases due to sexual reproduction C) must be present in a population before natural selection can act upon the D) tends to be reduced when diploid organisms produce gametes population 36) whenever diploid populations are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at a particular locus, A) allele frequency should not change from one generation to the next 8) natural selection, gene flow, and genetic drift are acting equally to change an allele frequency C) two alleles are present in equal proportions D) individuals within the population are evolving 37) In the Hardy-Weinberg formula for determining genotype frequencies in a population, the "2 in the term 2pq is necessary because A) the population is diploid C) the population is doubling in number B) heterozygotes can come about in two ways D) heterozygotes have two alleles 38) Three-spined stickleback fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) show substantial heritable variation in gill-raker length rela to differences in their diets. Longer gill rakers appear to function better for capturing open-water prey, while shorter gil rakers function better for capturing shallow-water prey. If these fishes line in a large lake (with open water in the midd and shallow water around the sides), which type of natural selection is most likely to be found? A) directional selection B) stabilizing selection C) disruptive selection D) sexual selection 39) Which one of these processes describes bottleneck effect? A) few individuals become isolated from a larger population B) alleles transferred to the next generation in portions that differ from previous generation C) transfer of alleles in and out of a population due to movement of fertile individuals D) sudden change in the environment alters randomly the gene frequency in a small population 40) Which of the following is the most predictable outcome of increased gene flow between two populations? A) lower average fitness in both populations B) higher average fitness in both populations C) increased genetic difference between the two populations D) decreased genetic difference between the two populations

Explanation / Answer

Ans 30 : C) inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival

Adaptations can be behavioral or physical characteristics of the organisms that help them to better survive in the environment. These adaptations are passed on from one generation to the others , from parents to offsprings.

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