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(Learning Objective 1: Explain how accrual accounting differs from cash-basis ac

ID: 2578636 • Letter: #

Question

(Learning Objective 1: Explain how accrual accounting differs from cash-basis accounting)Hough Consulting had the following selected transactions in July:

   July        1     Prepaid insurance for July through September, $4,200.

                  2      Purchased office furniture for cash, $5,000.

                  3      Performed consulting services for a client on account, $3,500.

                  5      Paid advertising expense, $500.

                10     Performed consulting services and received cash, $1,500.

                20     Purchased a computer on account, $2,500.

               25     Collected for July 3 service.

               26     Paid account payable from July 20.

               29     Paid salary expense, $1,800.

               31     Adjusted for July insurance expense (see July 1).

               31     Earned revenue of $1,000 that was collected in advance back in June.

               31     Recorded July depreciation on fixed assets, $125.

LO        USING EXCEL:

            1. Show how each transaction would be handled (in terms of recognizing revenues and expenses) using the cash basis and the accrual basis.

            2. Compute July income (loss) before tax under each accounting method

            3. Indicate which measure of net income or net loss is preferable. Use the transactions on July 3 and July 25 to explain.

(Learning Objective 1: Explain how accrual accounting differs from cash-basis accounting)Hough Consulting had the following selected transactions in July:

Explanation / Answer

(A)Treatment of Transactions

Date

Cash

Accrual

1

Prepaid Insurance

-4200

-4200

2

Office Furniture

-5000

-5000

3

Consulting Service

3500

5

Advertisement Exp.

-500

-500

10

Consulting Service given

1500

1500

20

Computer

-2500

25

Consulting Service

3500

(Here on cash basis this service will be recorded as

income on 25th July, whereas it has been recorded as

income on 3rd July in accrual method and debit has been

created for Accounts receiveable. On receipt of Cash on

25th, said accounts receivable would be credited and cash

a/c would be debited.)

26

Computer

-2500

-

(Since cash has been paid on 26th, on cash basis this date

will be treated as computer purchase date whereas for accrual

method, 20th july will be treated as purchase date and credit has

been recorded as accounts payable. On 26th, said accounts payable

would be debited and cash would be credited.)

29

Salary

-1800

-1800

31

Expense for July

-

-1400

(Insurance paid for 3 months from July to September wil be

recorded as expense proportionately in all three months in

accrual basis. In cash basis whole amount would be recorded as

expense on the date of cash payment viz. July 1)

31

Revenue

-

1000

Revenue has been earned on this day hence treated as

revenue on this day in accrual basis. In cash basis it has

been treated as revenue on the day of receipt of cash

i.e. in June month.)

31

Depreciation

-125

-125

Date of July

Cash

Accrual

1

Prepaid Insurance

-4200

-

3

Consulting Service

-

3500

5

Advertisement Expense

-500

-500

10

Consulting service

1500

1500

25

Consulting service

3500

-

29

Salary

-1800

-1800

31

Insurance expense for July adjusted

-

-1400

31

Revenue received in advance but earned on 31st July

-

1000

31

Depreciation

-125

-125

Income / - loss

-1625

2175

(C). From the given set of transactions, it is apt that accrual method of transactions is apt for recording true and fair view of accounting. Since, it shows the real picture and relates the expense or income of the relevant period in that respective period only whereas cash basis does not show true and fair view as cash can be paid or received any time depending upon the availability of cash or credit terms available but that does not necessarily mean the expense or income is relevant to that period. Cash basis can misguide the proper analysis of income and expense for any relevant period.

(A)Treatment of Transactions

Date

Cash

Accrual

1

Prepaid Insurance

-4200

-4200

2

Office Furniture

-5000

-5000

3

Consulting Service

3500

5

Advertisement Exp.

-500

-500

10

Consulting Service given

1500

1500

20

Computer

-2500

25

Consulting Service

3500

(Here on cash basis this service will be recorded as

income on 25th July, whereas it has been recorded as

income on 3rd July in accrual method and debit has been

created for Accounts receiveable. On receipt of Cash on

25th, said accounts receivable would be credited and cash

a/c would be debited.)

26

Computer

-2500

-

(Since cash has been paid on 26th, on cash basis this date

will be treated as computer purchase date whereas for accrual

method, 20th july will be treated as purchase date and credit has

been recorded as accounts payable. On 26th, said accounts payable

would be debited and cash would be credited.)

29

Salary

-1800

-1800

31

Expense for July

-

-1400

(Insurance paid for 3 months from July to September wil be

recorded as expense proportionately in all three months in

accrual basis. In cash basis whole amount would be recorded as

expense on the date of cash payment viz. July 1)

31

Revenue

-

1000

Revenue has been earned on this day hence treated as

revenue on this day in accrual basis. In cash basis it has

been treated as revenue on the day of receipt of cash

i.e. in June month.)

31

Depreciation

-125

-125