You are interested in studying the extracellular matrix and its interaction with

Question

You are interested in studying the extracellular matrix and its interaction with cell signaling and have isolated a new signaling molecule important for whisker cell proliferation in mice that you call WGF. You decide to test whether the heparan sulfate chains of proteoglycans are required for WGF signaling by creating several lines of transgenic mice. You create one line of mice that does not produce any WGF and one line of mice that cannot add any heparan sulfate chains onto proteoglycans. You find that wgf– mice and Heparan sulfate– mice both lack whiskers, whereas wild-type mice have whiskers.

A. Explain whether this is consistent with a role for proteoglycans in WGF signaling.

You decide to carry out further experiments by creating transgenic mice that overexpress WGF. Using mouse genetics, you create mice that overexpress WGF but lack heparan sulfate. You see that some normal-looking whiskers are produced in these animals.

B. Given this new result and the data above, do you think that the fact that these WGF-overexpressing

mice can produce normal-looking whiskers is consistent with a role for proteoglycans in WGF signaling?

Explain.

Explanation / Answer

the given data includes the following:

later, the mice cell lines gives the data like

these heparan sulafte- cell lines also lack whiskers like the wgf- cell lines.

this shows that there is a role of proteoglycans in WGF signalling. this is because; if there is no production of WGF molecule, there will no proliferation of whisker cells and thus lack whiskers. likewise; the inability to add heparan sulafte chains to proteoglycans also results in cells without whiskers.

later in the next experiment, the transgenic mice has been created that over expresses the WGF and lack heparan sulfate and still produce normal looking whisker.

this shows that; apart from wild type and mutant type, a transgenic mice has created in such a way that it is able to produce whiskers in absence of heparan sulfate. this means its genome is altered to produce whiksers.

this transgenic mice data and above wild type and mutant mice data are different and has no similarity between these 2 datas to compare.

so as per the first concerned data, heparan sulfate is needed for whiskser production and this whisker production is not consistent with the proteoglycan in the next experiment.

this is becasue; wild type is one trype of mice having particular characteristics like whisker cell production ( in this context) and mutant type i.e. wgf- is another type of mice that actually lacking the wlid type characteristic feature.

whereas; transgenic is the condition where there will be insertion or deletion of a particular gene inorder to produce specific characteristic features. so, eventhough it is lacking heparan sulfate, it is able to produce whiskers becuase the mice is transgenic.

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