1. If the enzyme is in an environment with noncompetitive inhibitors, why could
ID: 258356 • Letter: 1
Question
1. If the enzyme is in an environment with noncompetitive inhibitors, why could you not increase the amount of substrate in the system to overcome the inhibitors and achieve full enzyme activity? (Vmax)2. When our bodies get sick, they often induce a fever in order to denature the infecting organism’s enzymes that are causing the illness. So, why are we not able to function at 105 degrees Fahrenheit?
1. If the enzyme is in an environment with noncompetitive inhibitors, why could you not increase the amount of substrate in the system to overcome the inhibitors and achieve full enzyme activity? (Vmax)
2. When our bodies get sick, they often induce a fever in order to denature the infecting organism’s enzymes that are causing the illness. So, why are we not able to function at 105 degrees Fahrenheit?
2. When our bodies get sick, they often induce a fever in order to denature the infecting organism’s enzymes that are causing the illness. So, why are we not able to function at 105 degrees Fahrenheit?
Explanation / Answer
A) At low concentration of substrate ,there is a steep increase in the rate of reaction with increasing capacity of substrate concentration.The catalytic site of the enzyme is empty,waiting for substrate to bind,for much of time,and the rate at which product can be formed is limited by the concentration of substrate which is available.
BUT As the concentration of substrate increases,the enzyme becomes saturated with substrate.as soon as the ctalytic site is empty ,more substrate is available to bind and undergo reaction.the rate of formation of product now depends on the activity of the enzyme itself,and adding more substrate will not affect the rate of the reaction to any significant effect.The rate of reaction when the enzyme is saturated with substrate is the maximum rate of reaction,vmax.
2)Like most chemical reactions,the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction increases as the temperature is raised.A ten degree centigrade rise in temperature will increasse the activty of most enzymes by 50-100%.variations in the reaction temperature as small as 1 or 2 degrees may introduce changes of 10-20% in the results.In thecase of enzymatic reactions,this is complicated by the fact that many enzymes are adversely affected by high temperatures.The reaction rate increases with temperature to a maximum level ,then abruptly declines with further increase of temperature .Because most enzymes rapidly become denature at temperature above 105degree fahrenheit(40 degree celsius),most enzyme determinations are carried out somewhat below that temperature only.
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