Help with any questions you can: 1. (Circle all that apply) Familial paroxysmal

Question

Help with any questions you can:

1. (Circle all that apply) Familial paroxysmal peritonitis appears in:

a.      Individuals who have a mutation in the MEFV gene.

b.      Individuals who are recovering from Familial Mediterranean Fever.

c.       Individuals whose hypoactive leukocytes are ineffective at preventing infection by the microbes found in their large intestine.

d.      Individuals whose hyperactive leukocytes are too efficient at following chemosensory cues, such as those released by intestinal bacterial symbionts.

e.      None of the above.

2. (Circle all that apply) Individuals who suffer from Familial paroxysmal peritonitis generally die:

a.      During childhood, from childhood diseases such as strep throat, diphtheria, etc.

b.      As teenagers, from a ruptured appendix.

c.       As twenty-somethings, from amyloidosis-associated brain damage.

d.      As thirty-somethings, from amyloidosis-associated heart failure.

e.      None of the above.

3. (Circle all that apply) A deleterious allele that’s in high frequency – say, 43% - in a population probably

a.      Isn’t subject to natural selection at any life stage.

b.      Is selectively favored, but only in post-reproductive individuals.

c.       Contributes to a fitness advantage in individuals who are heterozygous for that allele.

d.      Is constantly being produced by really high mutation rates.

e.      None of the above.

4. A gene that exhibits clinically relevant variation is one that

5. do you believe that bacterial production of tyramine has an adaptive significance for the bacteria, or is it merely an easily-excreted metabolic end-product, the product of bacterial metabolism of a toxic substance, tyrosine? Briefly defend your answer.

6. TRUE or FALSE (Circle one, please). The milk sickness ‘story’ represents an example of bioactivation.

If you circled TRUE, what is the bioactivation step and how is it brought about?

If your circled FALSE, defend your answer.

7. Panton valentine leukocidin (PVL) is produced by an organism that’s infamous for its ability to produce necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock. What is that organism, and how does produce necrotizing fasciitis and shock?

Explanation / Answer

1) a and b, since it is a hereditary inflammatory disorder caused by the mutation in MEFV gene.

2) d, AA-amyloidosis with kidney failure is a complication that may cause the death of the patient and also it can get accumulated in the kidney, heart, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and thyroid. In the early stage, one can suffer from pain like appendicitis (and not actual appendicitis).

4) exhibit mutation, so that we can know which protein is not been encoded for normal functioning.

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