First identify (name) the protein TSHB gene encodes. Then, write a few sentences

Question

First identify (name) the protein TSHB gene encodes. Then, write a few sentences for each part below.

Describe the protein's function in normal cellular processes. (for example, is it an enzyme? if so, what enzyme does it catalyze? is it a transcription factor? is it a hormone? etc)

Explain what happens when there is a mutant allele, instead of the normal one. You should have identified an allele or polymorphic variant of your gene in assignment#2 that produces an abnormal protein.

Make it clear how the mutant allele --> makes cells produce an abnormal protein --> how this causes the phenotype (trait) you chose to research. this phenotype/trait was also part of assignment 2.

Include your exact source(s), the webpage(s) showing info about your gene that you used to answer the question

Explanation / Answer

TSHB gene encodes thyroid stimulating hormone beta, a glycoprotein. TSHB gene encodes thus the pituitary hormone TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone). Thyroid stimulating hormone stimulates growth and development of thyroid gland. Thyroid secretions play important role in metabolism. TSH has two subunits, alpha and beta. TSHB mainly encodes beta subunit of TSH. If TSHB gets mutated, it produced a wrong/mutated sequence of TSH, leading to production of an abnormal protein. This leads to change in size and shape of beta subunit of TSH. Now beta subunit could not wrap the alpha subunit of TSH and thus the production of functional TSH decreases. If TSH production decreases, the thyroid gland development stops. This leads to hypothyroidism.

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