e-Lab Exercise 14-6 anches of the Autonomic Nervous System ic nervous system (AN

ID: 260027 • Letter: E

Question

e-Lab Exercise 14-6 anches of the Autonomic Nervous System ic nervous system (ANS) has two subdivisions: (a) the sympathetisc nervous NS), and (b) the parasympathetic pathetic nervous system (PSNS). Fill in Table 14.3 with the general nch of the ANS and the effects of each system on its targst organs characteristics of each bra system 14.3 characteristics o he smepathahic and SNS Main function Location of nerve roots Neurotransmitter(s) Effects on Target Organs and Physiological Processes Heart Bronchioles (airway passages of the lungs) Blood vessels to abdominal organs and skin Blood vessels to skeletal Digestive and urinary Metabolic rate Pupils & Physiology in the Laboratory 334 I Exploring Anatomy

Explanation / Answer

Characteristics

SNS

PNS

Main function

It helps in regulating the cardiovascular system, regulation of body temperature and also take care of the “Fight or fight” reaction.

It plays an important role in performing day to day function like digestion and bladder emptying. There are number of body functions like sexual arousal, salivation, digestion, defecation etc. done by PNS

Location of nerve roots

It is located between first thoracic segment and third lumbar segment of spinal cord.

It originates from brainstem and from the sacral segments present in the spinal cord.

Neurotransmitter

Epinephrine and norepinephrine is the primary neurotransmitters

It majorly uses acetylcholine as neurotransmitter

Heart

It accelerates the heart rate.

It reduces the heart rate

Bronchioles

It leads to the widening of the bronchioles.

It leads to broncho constriction and bronchioles

Blood vessels to abdominal organs and skin

It helps in maintaining the blood flow, redistribution of blood flow and also causes vasoconstriction

It helps in limiting the blood flow due to over circulation

Blood vessels to skeletal muscle

It helps in metabolism and ionic transport across membrane and helps in skeletal muscle contractility.

It does not really help in metabolism and sort of expands the skeletal muscle

Digestive and urinary functions

The digestion is restricted and it causes vasoconstriction of the blood vessels in digestive tract and urinary tract.

It increases the production of digestive juice and relaxes the muscles present in gastrointestinal tract.

Metabolic rate

It enhances the rate of metabolism

It reduces the rate of the metabolism

Pupils

Dilation

Constriction