Synthetic nucleic acids are synthesized in vitro using enzymes from cells. Curre
ID: 260041 • Letter: S
Question
Synthetic nucleic acids are synthesized in vitro using enzymes from cells. Currently there are machines that syntheized DNA or RNA by having the sequence of bases entered tthrough a keyborad.
3. If each letter of the keyboard represents a base in DNA, how many keys does the keyboard require? How does this means of DNA synthesis differ from DNA replication in the cell?
Synthetic nucleic acids were used to elucidate the genetic code, create genes for specific proteins, synthesize probes to locate genes in a genome, to synthesize antisense nucleic acids and to make PCR primers.
4. What is the genetic code, how might a synthetic nucleotide be used to determine which amino acid corrresponds to which codon?
5. Give an example of a probe with a flourescent tag that will be used to locate a gene associated with an aggressive form of breast cancer.
Restiction enzymes cut dsDNA at restriction sites, or palindromes. Examples of restriction enzymes are EcoRI and HindIII. There are hundreds of restriction enzymes isolated from bacteria and used to cut DNA at predictable sites. One type of restriction enzyme cuts dsDNA to make blunt ends and the other type creates sticky ends.
6. Compare and contrast blunt and sticky ends, and give one example of each type of restriction enzyme.
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Explanation / Answer
3) the key board should consists of 4 keys that are A for Adenine, T for thymidine, G for Guanine, C for cytosine, because DNA is made up of ATGC pairing , combination of these nucleotides DANA genetic material made up of, either synthetic nucleotides or not.
synthetic DNA development as antisense DANA which is not same as template, here antisense strand of template strand is taken as sense strand hence RNA synthesized will be complimentarily basepait with RNA hence it is degraded by nucleases, expeciallly to inhibit the gene synthesis antisense synthetic nucleotides are used.
4)Genetic code is the deciphering properties of genes by coron sequence used for expression of proteins.
This contains the three bases as triplet represent codon, and have some properties like unambiguous, non overlapping, punctuation less, degenerate, unique.
5) florescent labelled herceptin protein is used for the diagnosis the breast cancer
6 restrictrition enzymes which cleaves DNA at. Specific reteiction sites.
If the cleavage occurs straight so it is called blunt ends, if it cohesive leaving hangings which is palindome sequence is called cohesive ends
Blunt end example: SmaI,. haeI
Cohesive ends example : BamHI, EcoRI, PstI
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