Arboreal like monkeys have large clavicle which is useful when forelimb must rea

Question

Arboreal like monkeys have large clavicle which is useful when forelimb must reach out to grab tree. what does this tell you about the ancestors of humans?

compare the adaptions for flight in the bat to those in the birds. are they the same? how do birds and bats share evolutionary origin of flight.

in fishes, nares open to blind sac that does not open to phaynx. why? does the fishes nares have the same functions of the nares of tetrapods ? how do you compare them?

why does frogs skin need to remain moist for gas exchange?

thank you.

Explanation / Answer

Please find the answers below:

Answer 1: The arboreal habitat of the immediate ancestors of humans i.e. monkeys and other apes was associated with two main factors, presence of forelimbs for holding the trees and presence of a tail to balance their body. These features infer that the immediate ancestors of humans were highly advanced in the course of evolution and they had already underwent arboreal adaptation to aid their survival.

Answer 2: The adaptive features of birds and bats have following differences:

This suggests that the appearance of conditionality of the change in environment and habitat forced bats to evolutionarily acquire aerial adaptation like birds.

Answer 3: Generally, the tetrapods display that the oral cavity and the nasal cavity have a common passage in the upper part of the thorax. This ensures that the organism can breath by both, nasal as well as oral cavity. However, the fishes respire through the gills present in the lateral part of their body and hence do not require a passage in the thorax. This is why the nasal nares in the fishes have a blind sac in the end.

Answer 4: Frogs are amphibian organisms which reside both in water and the air. Hence, in order to enhance the gaseous exchange in the body, frogs use skin as the source of gaseous exchange. Since moist surfaces ensure maximum gaseous exchange due to assimilation of both oxygen and carbon dioxide, frogs need to remain moist for gas exchange.

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