The polymerase chain reactions (PCR) uses a heat resistant ____________ enzyme a
ID: 261009 • Letter: T
Question
The polymerase chain reactions (PCR) uses a heat resistant ____________ enzyme and free ____________ to create billions of copies of DNA. Because of its ____________ and specificity, it has numerous applications, including copying genes for the formation of ____________ needed to create transgenic organisms. PCR can also be used to amplify short ____________ DNA sequences from ancient organisms such as mummies or wooly mammoths. DNA fingerprinting is based on the idea that there are ____________ regions of DNA that have tandem repeats of different numbers, depending on the specific individual. These regions are amplified through PCR and visualized on a gel through ____________ . The ____________ the resulting pieces of DNA, the further they travel on the gel, resulting in a ____________ specific to that individual. These can be compared to determine identities of unknown victims, establish ____________ , identify the presence of viral infections, and determine predisposition for certain diseases.
Explanation / Answer
The polymerase chain reaction uses a heat resistant DNA polymerase (Taq polymerase) enzyme and free deoxyribonucleotides to create billions of copies of DNA. Because of its sensitivity and specificity, it has numerous applications, including copying the genes for the formation of cDNA libraries needed to create transgenic organisms. PCR can also be used to amplify a short strech of DNA sequences from ancient organisms such as mummies or wooly mommoths. DNA Fingerprinting is based on the idea that there are microsatellite regions of DNA that have tandem repeats of different numbers, depending on the specific individuals. These regions are amplified through PCR and visualized on a gel through PAGE (Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The fragments of the resulting pieces of DNA, the further they travel on the gel, resulting in a DNA finger print band pattern specific to that individual. These can be compared to determine identities of unknown victims, establish relations, identify the presence of viral infections and determine predisposition of certain diseases.
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