Royal Financial Services (RFS) provides front end loan origination services for
ID: 2619678 • Letter: R
Question
Royal Financial Services (RFS) provides front end loan origination services for a number of banks who process and maintain loan portfolios. RFS accepts applications from customers and processes them through closing of the loan agreement before turning the loan over to customer banks. RFS is paid regardless of whether the loan closes or not. RFS currently services three types of loans - residential mortgages, auto loans, and personal unsecured loans. RFS has no cost accounting system so total operating expenses are simply allocated to each product line based on revenue.
For the year just ended, RFS reported financial results as follows:
Income Statement
Mortgage
Auto
Personal
Total
Annual Volume of Loans
1500
6000
4000
11500
Origination Fee/Unit
$350
$200
$115
Total Revenues
$525,000
$1,200,000
$460,000
$ 2,185,000
Operating Expense
$504,673
$1,153,538
$442,189
$ 2,100,400
Profit
$ 20,327
$ 46,462
$ 17,811
$ 84,600
Profit % Revenue
3.9%
3.9%
3.9%
3.9%
RFS management is concerned about the overall low profitability of the business and has asked you to apply activity-based analysis in order to give RFS a better understanding of relative product profitability. After extensive interviewing of staff and analysis of RFS’s cost structure, you determine there are four primary activities that RFS performs, with cost drivers and total cost as follows:
Activities
Activity Driver
Mortgage
Auto
Personal
Total Cost
Accept applications
# pages per application
4
3
1
616,000
Obtain credit referrals
# credit sources/applic.
2
2
1
332,500
Do loan analysis
# hours analysis/applic.
3
2
1
656,000
Close loan
# hours to close loan
4
2
1
495,900
You determine that the application processing and loan analysis activities are performed using internal RFS resources while the credit and closing activities are performed primarily by external credit agencies and law offices on a per transaction basis (e.g. $X per credit check, $Y per closing hour). You also learn 70% of the mortgages end up being closed (the remainder are not approved after loan analysis); 80% of auto loans close and 90% of personal loans close.
You also identify a key external measure of how well RFS is performing versus the industry. While RFS does not bear the cost of defaults, their customers do track RFS performance and use it to negotiate future origination fee rates.
Mortgage
Auto
Personal
Default rate experienced by loan processor
2%
1%
6%
Industry average
2%
3%
4%
Assignment
Based on the above information, use activity-based costing to assess the total and per unit profitability of RFS’s three loan products
Using this template to solve it
Income Statement
Mortgage
Auto
Personal
Total
Annual Volume of Loans
1500
6000
4000
11500
Origination Fee/Unit
$350
$200
$115
Total Revenues
$525,000
$1,200,000
$460,000
$ 2,185,000
Operating Expense
$504,673
$1,153,538
$442,189
$ 2,100,400
Profit
$ 20,327
$ 46,462
$ 17,811
$ 84,600
Profit % Revenue
3.9%
3.9%
3.9%
3.9%
Explanation / Answer
Mortgage Auto Personal Sales Revenue 1500*350 $525000 6000*200 $1200000 4000*115 $460000 Accept Application $616000*4/8 $308000 $616000*3/8 $231000 $616000*1/8 $77000 Obtain Credit Referrals $332500*2/5 $133000 $332500*2/5 $133000 $332500*1/5 $66500 Loan Analysis $656000*3/6 $328000 $656000*2/6 $218667 $656000*1/6 $109333 Close Loan $495900*4/7 $283371 $495900*2/7 $141686 $495900*1/7 $70843 Total Costs $1052371 $724353 $323676 Profit -$527371 $475647 $136324 PU Profitability -$527371/1500 -$351.58 $475647/6000 $79.27 $136324/4000 $34.08
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