29. Unregulated cell growth has led to the formation of a tumor. In order to pro

Question

29. Unregulated cell growth has led to the formation of a tumor. In order to progress, the tumor needs nutrients and oxygen. It obtains these by attracting new blood vessels to the tumor. This process is known as:

angiogenesis

morphogenesis

neurogenesis

gliogenesis

30. Unregulated cell growth has led to the formation of a tumor. Not only is the tumor disrupting the surrounding tissues, but cells of the tumor are breaking off and migrating throughout the body. This spreading of cancerous cells to other parts of the body is known as:

malignancy

metastasis

metamorphesis

mobility

31. According to the endosymbiont hypothesis, mitochondria and chloroplasts may be descendants of prokaryotes engulfed by early eukaryotes.

True

False

32. Both the human mitochondrial and nuclear chromosomes are linear, double-stranded DNA molecules.

True

False

33. People afftected by diseases caused by mitochondrial DNA mutations inherit the mutations from

their mothers.

their fathers.

either parent will equal probability.

neither of their parents because mitochondrial DNA mutations are not heritable.

34. Assume that lzy is a trait characterized by a lack of energy and it results from a mutation in a gene found only in the mitochondrial DNA. A woman who shows normal energy mates with a man who shows lzy, what proportation of their children (male and female) will show normal energy??

1/2 of the males and 1/2 of the females

all males and 1/2 of the females

none of the males and all of the females

none of the males and none of the females

all of the males and all of the females

35. In a given population of dogs, the frequency of being homozygous recessive for fur color (assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) is 0.09. What is the frequency of being heterozygous for fur color in this population?

0.21

0.3

0.42

0.7

Explanation / Answer

29. Angiogenesis

This forms blood vessels in the tumor for growth and survival.

30 Metastasis

The cancerous cells release proteases which break the extracellular matrix proteins and release cells that invade other parts in the body.

31. True

Endosymbiotic theory postulates that mitochondria and chloplasts had prokaryotic descendents.

32. False

Mitochondria has circular DNA and nucleus has linear DNA

33. Their mothers

Mothers contribute much of the cytoplasm including mitochondria to the developing zygote.

34. None of the males and none of the females

This is because males do not contribute mitochondria during fertilization.

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