50) A woman inherits a mutant BRcATallele from her mother. she has an increased

Question

50) A woman inherits a mutant BRcATallele from her mother. she has an increased risk of developing breast cancer because a. Every cell in the woman's body has a copy of the mutant BRCAT allele. b. She still has one normal allele of the BRCAT gene that can make up for the loss of function in the mutant allele. c. Some of the cells in her body are already cancerous, meaning that no further mutations are needed for a tumor to form. d. The normal BRCAL allele is more likely to mutate than in an individual without a mutant BRCAT allele. e. A mutation in her normal BRCAT allele may lead to cancer, whereas a normal individual would have to acquire two mutations (one in each allele) to develop cancer. 51) Chromosomes for karyotyping are often obtained from a blood sample. Red blood cells, however, cannot be used for this purpose because a. They are too small. b. They lack nuclei. c. White blood cells are more common. d. They have abnormal chromosomes. e. They are difficult to isolate. 52) Chromosome 7 may lose an end piece resulting in Williams syndrome. This is an example of a(n) a. lnversion b. Duplication c. Deletion d. Translocation e. Epigeneticinheritance 53) A man carrying a translocation may appear normal, but runs the risk of having children with a syndrome because his children a. May inherit both abnormal chromosomes from the father and would thus carry a deletion. b. May inherit one abnormal chromosome from the father, and would carry a deletion or duplication. c. Will inherit one abnormal chromosome from both the mother and father. d. May inherit both normal chromosomes from the father and an abnormal one from the mother. e. Carry the same translocation as the father. 54) lnversions are chromosomal mutations that a. Always result in a syndrome. b. Neither increase nor decrease the amount of genetic material in the cell. c. Rarely cause deletions or duplications during gamete formation when crossing-over occurs. d. Result from duplication of a portion of a chromosome. e. Never disrupt gene regulation or cause physical abnormalities.

Explanation / Answer

e. A mutation in her normal BRCAT allele may lead to cancer, whereas a normal individual would have to acquire two mutations (one in each allele) to develop cancer.

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