Immunology Activity Using the following components of the immune system, decide

Question

Immunology Activity

Using the following components of the immune system, decide which component will act first, second, third, etc. . . to combat the following pathogens.

Skin

Mucous membranes

Mucus

Sebum

Gastric juices

T helper cells

Cytotoxic T cells

B cells

Antibodies

Cytokines

Interferons

NK cells

Macrophages and dendritic cells

Basophils

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

Complement

Lacrimal apparatus

Scenarios:

Staph aureus infection of the follicle on skin. S. aureus can produce toxins and tissue destruction as it invades the tissues.

E. coli found inside a poorly cooked hamburger patty. Remember, E. coli has the capability to produce toxins and is Gram-negative therefore has endotoxin present as well.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis breathed in after being exposed to a patient with active disease. M. tuberculosis can live inside phagocytic cells as its cell wall is resistant to digestion.

Influenza virus infection from sharing a glass of water with a sick friend. This virus causes inflammation of the upper respiratory tract leading to further complications.

Herpes Simplex Type 2, causes ulcerous lesions, contracted through skin to skin contact with a person with an active lesion. This virus goes into latency in the patient.

Cat dander exposure to someone who is intensely allergic to cats.

Immune System Component:

Action of the component:

Immune System Component:

Action of the component:

Explanation / Answer

Each T helper cell specific for specific pathogen

ingest dead cells and waste products.

Show the proof of invasion to T-cells in the lymph nodes.

The first line of defence includes skin, mucous membranes, mucus, Lacrimal apparatus, gastric juices, sebum, NK cells.

The second line of defence includes neutrophils, T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, B cells.

The third line of defence includes rest.

Immune system of the component Action of the component Skin acts as a water proof mechanical barrier Mucous membranes traps microbe Mucus flushing action, contains enzyme that breaks down the cell wall of many bacteria. Lacrimal apparatus secretes tears which causes flushing action and contains enzyme tha breaks down cell wall of many bacteria. Gastric juices kills swallowed bacteria and parasites Sebum contains fatty acid which is fungistatic Neutrophils find, kill and ingest pathogens T helper cells

Each T helper cell specific for specific pathogen

Cytotoxic T cells they form holes in walls of pathogens and kill them. Macrophages and dendritic cells

ingest dead cells and waste products.

Show the proof of invasion to T-cells in the lymph nodes.

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