The difference between benign and malignant tumors is: Malignant tumors are life

Question

The difference between benign and malignant tumors is:

                Malignant tumors are life threatening and benign tumors are not.

                Benign tumors spread more slowly.

                Benign tumors are not contained.

                Malignant tumors are not contained.

Genes that regulate cell numbers by inhibiting division are called:

                Oncogenes

                Tumor suppressor genes

                Proto-oncogenes

                Metastasis genes

Genetic counseling is best suited for:

                Couples where one of the mates has a sibling with cystic fibrosis

                Anyone interested in knowing more about a genetic trait that runs in their family

                Women of advanced maternal age needing consultation about the risk of Down syndrome and their unborn child

                All of the above

Chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes are called:

                Autosomes

                Mesosomes

                Somatic chromosomes

                None of the above

A retrovirus contains :

                DNA only

                RNA only

                Both DNA and RNA

                Either DNA or RNA

All of the genes in a population comprise its:

                gene pool

                genotype

                genome

                gene frequency

A "cold hit" refers to:

                a DNA profile made from frozen DNA

                identifying a suspect from DNA alone

                a technology used to preserve DNA found at crime scenes

                using mtDNA to generate a profile

Clines are created when:

                emigrants remove alleles and immigrants introduce alleles

                immigrants remove alleles and emigrants introduce alleles

                different genes mutate in different geographical regions

                none of the above

If a dominant allele is in 85% of a population (p= 0.85), what percentage of the population will have the recessive allele according to the HW equation?

                0%

                15%

                85%

                100%

An RFLP is a

                DNA probe

                variation in size of a DNA segment when cut by a restriction enzyme

                type of restriction enzyme

                type of copy number variant

The study of the factors that control or contribute to a disease is called:

                Epidemiology

                Cardiology

                Oncology

                none of the above

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1- malignant tumors are life threatening and benign tumours are not

Among all the four options given this is the best option to explain the difference between benign and malignant tumors.

Ans 2- tumour suppressor genes (TSGs)

Tumour suppressor genes are regulatory genes of cell cycle. If they get mutated cells become cancerous and can grow uncontrollably.

Proto-oncogenes are genes that gets converted to oncogene upon mutation and causes cancer, these are basically normal genes that remains silent in our genome

Metastasis genes forms proteins that help tumour cells to invade different organs of body.

Ans 4- autosomes

All the chromosomes in body other than sex chromosomes are known as autosomes.

They are found in somatic cells but somatic chromosomes are not their correct nomenclature.

Mesosomes are infolding of plasma membrane.

Ans 5- RNA only

Retroviruses are single stranded RNA viruses that form DNA from RNA by reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Herpes virus are viruses that contain DNA as their genetic material.

Any virus can have only one type of genetic material either DNA or RNA not both.

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