Question 1 (2 points) A DNA or RNA molecule is synthesized from its _____ end an

Question

Question 1 (2 points)

A DNA or RNA molecule is synthesized from its _____ end and a protein is translated from its _____ terminus.

Question 1 options:

a) 

3' to 5', carboxyl to amino

b) 

5' to 3', amino to carboxyl

c) 

3' to 5', amino to carboxyl

d) 

5' to 3', carboxyl to amino

Question 2 (2 points)

 
Anticodons are sequences of three nucleotides found in:

Question 2 options:

a) 

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

b) 

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

c) 

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

d) 

DNA

Question 3 (2 points)

 

Which one of the following statements about the process of DNA replication is not true?

Question 3 options:

a) 

Replication is semi-conservative.

b) 

The leading strand is synthesized in a continuous manner.

c) 

Replication occurs in a bidirectional manner.

d) 

Replication takes place in the cytoplasm.

Question 4 (2 points)

 

Which one of the following enzymes is responsible for attaching an amino acid to its correct tRNA molecule?

Question 4 options:

a) 

Peptidyl transferase

b) 

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

c) 

Peptidyl esterase

d) 

Amino acid polymerase

Question 5 (2 points)

 

Which one of the following statements about DNA structure is not true?

Question 5 options:

a) 

The two DNA strands are held together by covalent bonds between complementary bases.

b) 

DNA exists as a double-stranded helix.

c) 

The strands in the helix are antiparallel to one another.

d) 

The phosphate-sugar backbone is located on the outside of the helix.

Question 6 (2 points)

 

Which one of the following statements does not describe an aspect of translation?

Question 6 options:

a) 

Translation takes place in the cytoplasm.

b) 

Incoming tRNA molecules carrying the next amino acid in the protein bind to the P site on the ribosome.

c) 

Energy (i.e. ATP) is required to synthesize a protein during translation.

d) 

Ribosomes, the sites of translation, are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.

Question 7 (2 points)

 

In a messenger RNA molecule where cytosine (C) makes up 20% of the total bases, what can you tell about the percentages of the other bases present?

Question 7 options:

a) 

Contains 20% guanine (G) bases

b) 

Contains 20% uracil (U) bases

c) 

Contains 30% adenine (A) bases

d) 

Both (a) and (c)

e) 

Cannot determine the complete base composition of this mRNA

Question 8 (2 points)

Which one of the following statements does not describe the process of transcription?

Question 8 options:

a) 

mRNA is sythesized from its 5' end to its 3' end.

b) 

Transcription takes place in the nucleus.

c) 

The synthesized RNA strand is identical to the DNA template strand.

d) 

At the beginning of the transcription process, RNA polymerase binds to a promoter/control segment in the DNA.

Question 9 (2 points)

The role of E. coli plasmids in recombinant DNA work is to:

Question 9 options:

a) 

Serve as a host for a "foreign" gene.

b) 

Provide restriction enzymes needed for repairing defective DNA.

c) 

Splice DNA strands together to form circular DNA molecules.

d) 

Cleave double-stranded DNA molecules.

Question 10 (2 points)

 

The codon ACG encodes the amino acid threonine.  What is the sequence of the anticodon that is complementary to this codon?

Question 10 options:

a) 

5'-TGC-3'

b) 

3'-UGC-5'

c) 

3'-TGC-3'

d) 

5'-UGC-3'

Question 11 (2 points)

 

Consider the following DNA strand: ATCCGGTAA.  How many hydrogen bonds hold this strand and its complementary strand together?

Question 11 options:

a) 

9 hydrogen bonds

b) 

18 hydrogen bonds

c) 

22 hydrogen bonds

d) 

23 hydrogen bonds

Question 12 (2 points)

Consider a nucleotide that contains a triphosphate, ribose, and the base cytosine (C).  This nucleotide would be used to synthesize:

Question 12 options:

a) 

Neither DNA or RNA

b) 

RNA only

c) 

DNA only

d) 

Both DNA and RNA

Question 13 (2 points)

 

Which one of the following statements is not true regarding the steps that must occur before a eukaryotic mRNA is translated into a protein?

Question 13 options:

a) 

A poly A tail is added to the 3' end.

b) 

The mRNA is transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

c) 

A cap structure is added to the 5' end.

d) 

The exons are spliced out.

Question 14 (2 points)

 

During replication, which enzyme is responsible for sealing nicks in the DNA?

Question 14 options:

a) 

Ligase

b) 

DNA polymerase I

c) 

Primase

d) 

Helicase

Question 15 (2 points)

 

Consider the following DNA non-template (informational strand): ATGAAA.  Suppose a mutation changes nucleotide 5 from an A to a C.  This would result in:

Question 15 options:

a) 

A silent mutation

b) 

A nonsense mutation

c) 

A missense mutation

Question 16 (2 points)

 

A DNA molecule contains 16% adenine bases.  Which of the following is true?

Question 16 options:

a) 

This DNA molecule contains 16% uracil bases.

b) 

This DNA molecule contains 34% cytosine bases.

c) 

This DNA molecule contains 16% guanine bases.

d) 

This DNA molecule contains 32% thymine bases.

Question 17 (2 points)

 

Transcription is a process by which:

Question 17 options:

a) 

Messenger RNA is used as a template to synthesize a protein.

b) 

DNA is used as a template to synthesize a new DNA strand.

c) 

DNA is used as a template to synthesize a messenger RNA strand.

Question 18 (2 points)

 
On a nucleic acid strand, which of the following is located at the 3' end (note: --- symbolizes the bond to the rest of the nucleic acid strand)?

Question 18 options:

a) 

---OH

b) 

---COO

c) 

---PO42

d) 

---NH3+

Question 19 (2 points)

 

What type of bond is used to link nucleotides together in a single nucleic acid strand?

Question 19 options:

a) 

Glycosidic bond

b) 

Phosphate diester bond

c) 

Peptide bond

d) 

Hydrogen bond

Question 20 (2 points)

 

Consider the sequence of the following DNA template strand: 3'AGTCCGTAC5'.  What is the sequence of the protein synthesized from this region of the DNA?

Question 20 options:

a) 

Val-Arg-Thr

b) 

Ser-Gly-Met

c) 

His-Ala-Stop

d) 

Ser-Pro-Tyr

Explanation / Answer

please ask the questions separately (4 at a time for MCQ)

1) b) 5' to 3', amino to carboxyl

2c) Transfer RNA (tRNA).

These are complementary to the codons on the mRNA

3 d) Replication takes place in the cytoplasm.

It occurs in the nucleus of the cell

4b  Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases . These are the enzymes responsible for attaching the correct amino acid to the corresponding tRNA molecule

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