?+ F3 Devona Date For Questions 5-7, complete each statement by witing the corre
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?+ F3 Devona Date For Questions 5-7, complete each statement by witing the correct word or words 5. All species descended from a(n) are part of a monophyletic group. 18.2 Modern Evolutionary Classification is the study of how living and extinct organisms are related to one anoter 7. A clade includes a common ancestor and all its descendants, living or Cladograms For Questions 8-10, complete each statement by writing the correct word or words 8. A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms is called wn) Lesson Objectives Explain the difference between evolutionary classification and Linmacan classification. Describe how to make and interpret a cladogram 9. The place where the ancestral lineage splits on a cladogram is called a fork, or a(n) 10. Characteristics shared by members of a clade and only by mermbers of that clade are called DNA in Classification 12. Why can genes be considered derived characters? Explain the use of DNA sequences in classification Lesson Summary Evolutionary Classification The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called phylogeny. Classification bassed on evolutionary relationships is called phylogenetic systematics, or evolutionary Evolutionary classification places organisms into higher taxa whose members are more closely related to one another than they are to members of any other group. The larger the taxon, the further back in time all of its members shared a common ancestor Use the figure below to answer Questions 13-15 In this system, organisms are placed into groups called clades. A clade is a group of species that includes a single common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor. A clade must be a monophyletie group. A monophyletic group must include all species that are descended from a common ancestor, include any species that are not descended from thst common ancestor cladograms A cladogram is a diagram that shows how species and higher taxa·re related to each other. A cladogram shows how evolutionary lines, or lineages, branched off from common ancestors. In a cladogram, the place where the ancestral lineage splits is called a fork, or a node. Nodes represent the Red Glant pandas Beurs point where new lineages last shared a common ancestor. The bottom of the diagram, or the root, represents the ancestor shared by all of the organisms on the Cladistic analysis relies on specific shared traits, or characters. A derived character is a trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and was passed to all of its descendants. Comman Ancestor ONA in Classification All organisms have DNA. Because DNA is so similar across all forms of life molecule can be compared in different species. In general, the more derived genetie characters two species share, the more recently the species shared a common ancestor and the more clasely related they are. 13. According to the figure, which species is most closely related to red pandas? 14. Although giant pandas and raceoona share sone distinct anatomical similarities, they aro in different clades. Evolutionary Classification I. How did Darwin's theory of evolution change the way biologists thought about olassification categories? What type of evidence do you think was used to construct this diagram? 2. Describe the goal of phylogenetic systematics (evolutionary classification) 15. Biologists had previously elassifed giant pandas together with raccoons and red pandas. What did DNIA analysis reveal about giant pandas and bears? 16. BIG PICTURE CONCEPT 3. Which group of organisms would have the most recent common ancestor, the members of a clade Both humans and yeasts have a gene that codes for a myosin protein. What does this indicate about their ancestry? corresponding to a genus or the members of a clade corresponding to an order? Explain your answer.Explanation / Answer
Ans 1) The Darwin’s theory of evolution have changed the way the biologists thought or looked at classification categories as after this the biologists have started grouping the organisms into categories which represent or show the evolutionary descent. It has nothing to do with the physical similarities.
Ans 2) The goal of phylogenetic systematic or evolutionary classification is to group the species into larger categories which reflect the lines of evolutionary descent and not only the overall similarities and differences.
Ans 3) The members of the clade corresponding to the genus. The clade of the genus means they all have come from the same ancestor.
Ans 5) All species descend from clade are part of monophylectic group. The clade is an evolutionary branch of cladogram which includes single ancestor and all the descendants. The monophylectic group consists of single ancestral species and all the descendants.
Ans 6) Phylogeny is the study of how living and extinct organism is related to one another. The phylogenetic tree is branching diagram which shows all evolutionary relationships.
Ans 7) A clade includes a common ancestor and all its descendants, living or extinct cladograms.
Ans 8) A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationship among a group of organisms is called cladogram. It is branching diagram which shows the relationship between different organisms and species
Ans 9) The place where the ancestral lineage split on a cladogram is called a fork or node.
Ans 10) Characteristics shared by members of a clade and only by members of that clade are called derived characters. It is a trait which rose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and was passed on to all the descendants. The more the derived genetic characters is shared by two species, the more recently the species shared a common ancestor and more closely related they are.
Ans 11) The genes cannot be considered as derived characters as all the genes sort of mutate over time.
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