Chapter 4: Part 4 Assume that all patients participating in the study are the sa
ID: 273797 • Letter: C
Question
Chapter 4: Part 4 Assume that all patients participating in the study are the same height, weight, and gender Pat 1. You are a behavioral scientist doing a case study on how alcohol can affect liver cells. tients in group A have never been exposed to alcohol and cannot consume alcohol through nts in group B have been exposed to alcohol and will be the duration of the experiment. Patie knowled cells of patients in group B. (Hint: it's in your textbook) ng wine every day through the duration of the experiment. Using your ge about cells and their endomembrane system, explain what will happen to the liver 2. Describe the migration pathway of a secretory protein made in the RER until it reaches the plasma membrane 3. State the Endosymbiotic Theory and give evidence to support it. (Hint: think about the characteristics of mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria)Explanation / Answer
Answere :
1. When Group B patient exposed to alocohol drinkimg several abnormelties occur in the liver cells.
A toxic byproduct i.e. acetaldehyde damage to the structure and fuctiioing of mitochondria in liver cells. There is deficieny for degradetive ezymes for oxidation of various biomolecules such as fats etc. This result in fatty liver causes weight gain/lose. It is more sensitive in case of female.
2. RER possess ribosomes on thier membrane and involves in the synthesis of secretory proteins, lysosomal proteins and protein used for membrane formation. These secretery protein are also glycosylated in lumen of RER i.e. suger residues are added to the protein result in formation of glycoprotein.
The protein formed have 40 amino acids C-terminal end towards in the tunnel of ribosomes and other entire portion with N-terminal end toward lumen in RER. When the nascent protein is synthesized, it enter as cisternae of ER from where it is directly transferred to the plasma membrane where it may be used as its integral part or exposes to the surface as surface receptor etc.
3. Endosymbiont theory explains how the eukaryotic cell or cell orgenelles are evolved from prokaryotic cell.
Evidences are the various similarities between prokaryotic cell and cell orgenelles e.g. mitochondria and chloroplasts.
i. Presence of 70S ribosomes.
ii. Circular DNA molecules.
iii. Own cell membrane structure of cell orgenelles.
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