c. Massive sulfide deposits 2. Describe: What are the potential threats of offsh
ID: 273993 • Letter: C
Question
c. Massive sulfide deposits 2. Describe: What are the potential threats of offshore drilling to marine ecosystems? (worth 3 points) 3. List potential mineral resources that could be extracted from the seafloor. (worth 3 points) What problems are associated with the exploitation of mineral resources from the seafloor? (worth 2 points) 4. Section 5: 1. Define: (each worth 1 point) a. Tidal energy b. Wave energy c. Ocean thermal energy conversion d. Desalination 2. Identify: What are the advantages and disadvantages of tidal energy? (worth 4 points) 3. Identify: what are the advantages and disadvantages of desalination? (worth 4 points)Explanation / Answer
A) Define :
1) Tidal energy, a form of renewable energy that converts the energy obtained from tides into electricity (useful forms of power)
2) Wave energy, a renewable energy generated naturally by waves and transmit their energy over long distances with little degradation for electricity generation, water desalination, pumping water or any other usable form of energy.
3) Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) called as temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow seawaters to run a heat engine and produce electricity ( or useful work)
4) Desalination is the removal of sodium chloride and other minerals from the sea water that make it suitable for human consumption or industrial use.
B)
Advantages of Desalination
1. Desalination makes water fit for human, animal consumption or industrial use.
2. The water produced is bacteris free and produced in large scale.
3. It benefits the population of coastal region who do not have access to clean water.
Disadvantages of Desalination
1. It is expensive method of water softening.
2. A lot of osmotic pressure is required at the membranes.
3. The residues of desalination has chlorine that when released into the environment become hazardous.
C)
Advantages of Tidal Energy
1. It is an inexhaustible and environment friendly energy and also can't produce greenhouse gases.
2. 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by water so generation of tidal energy is on large scale.
3. Efficiency of tidal power is more and is around 80%.
4. Long life of tidal energy power plant and high energy density
Disadvantages of Tidal Energy
1. High cost of construction.
2. Intensity of sea waves is cannot be predictable.
3. Aquatic life can be disrupted.
4. Mostly places where tidal energy is produced are far away from the places where it is consumed, so transmission is expensive and difficult.
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