Organisms on Earth use 4 different bases (A, T, C, and G) to encode 20 different
ID: 274694 • Letter: O
Question
Organisms on Earth use 4 different bases (A, T, C, and G) to encode 20 different amino acids. You find an alien life form on a different planet that similarly follows the central dogma and transcribes DNA to RNA which is translated to protein. However, you find the alien life on that planet makes proteins made of 60 different amino acids. 13) Assuming the alien life uses triplet codons and needs at least one stop codon to terminate translation, what is the minimum number of bases their DNA must contain? Show work 14) You find that the alien life's DNA is made of only 2 different bases (A and T). What is the minimum number of bases needed to form a codon if they are to encode 60 different amino acids? Show work 4Explanation / Answer
Normally in us we have 4 nucleotide bases and triplet codons (3 bases together) and so we have 4^3 = 64 codons in total.In which there are three stop codons.And rest 61 codons code for 20 amino acids.
13. For making 60 amino acids they need atlest 60 codons + one stop codon = 61 codons in triplet .
They should have minimum 4 nucleotide bases.
Because if they have 3 bases then 3^3=27 codons will be there . But to make 61 codons there should be minimum 4 bases then only 4^3=64 codons among which 61 will be needed.
14.There are 2 bases .If they need to code 60 different amino acids then there should be atleast 60 codons + one stop codonn = 61 codons will be needed. Then 2^6= 64 codons will be there among which 61 is necessary.So codons will be hexaplet ( that is six bases will be together to make a codon) .
[Lower than that - 2^5=32 codons won/t follow the requirment ]
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