3\" Above is shown a dsDNA sequence that includes the ORF encoding for a short,

Question

3" Above is shown a dsDNA sequence that includes the ORF encoding for a short, intron-less protein. Transcription of the gene is regulated by a TATA-box-containing promoter. The TSS is shaded. Transcribe the correct mRNA from the gene shown above. Assume there is no termination sequence. Label the 5' and 3' ends 8) 9) Translate the mRNA into the correct protein. Label the N- and C-termini 10) The following mutations occurred within the corresponding boxes labeled above. Mutated bases are underlined. What type of mutation results in each case? What effect will the mutation have on the mRNA? What effect will it have on the protein? i. 5 EGCCT 3 ii. 5' CTCTATT 3 3' AACOGA 5 3' GAGATAA 5 3' GAGETCAG 5 3 CTGACC 5 iv. 5' GACTGG 3

Explanation / Answer

Ans:- 8 and 9:-

as for the double stranded DNA mRNA will be produced from it in which thymine will be replaced by uracil in mRNA, so from the above sequence make the mRNA accordingly and once the mRNA is formed it will be transported to ribosomes where the translation will ocurr for three sequence on the mRNA one amino acid will be incorporated in the growing polypeptide as per the following rule :

Amino Acid

DNA codons

Isoleucine

I

ATT, ATC, ATA

L

V

F

TGT, TGC

A

GCT, GCC, GCA, GCG

G

P

T

Tyrosine  

H

E

Aspartic acid

D

K

R

Amino Acid

SLC

DNA codons

Isoleucine

I

ATT, ATC, ATA

Leucine  

L

CTT, CTC, CTA, CTG, TTA, TTG Valine

V

GTT, GTC, GTA, GTG Phenylalanine  

F

TTT, TTC Methionine M ATG Cysteine C

TGT, TGC

Alanine      

A

GCT, GCC, GCA, GCG

Glycine  

G

GGT, GGC, GGA, GGG Proline      

P

CCT, CCC, CCA, CCG Threonine  

T

ACT, ACC, ACA, ACG Serine        S TCT, TCC, TCA, TCG, AGT, AGC

Tyrosine  

Y TAT, TAC Tryptophan   W TGG Glutamine   Q CAA, CAG Asparagine   N AAT, AAC Histidine

H

CAT, CAC Glutamic acid  

E

GAA, GAG

Aspartic acid

D

GAT, GAC Lysine       

K

AAA, AAG Arginine  

R

CGT, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG Stop codons Stop TAA, TAG, TGA In this table, the twenty amino acids found in proteins are listed, along with the single-letter code used to represent these amino acids in protein data bases. The DNA codons representing each amino acid are also listed. All 64 possible 3-letter combinations of the DNA coding units T, C, A and G are used either to encode one of these amino acids or as one of the three stop codons that signals the end of a sequence. While DNA can be decoded unambiguously, it is not possible to predict a DNA sequence from its protein sequence. Because most amino acids have multiple codons, a number of possible DNA sequences might represent the same protein sequence.

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