15. (2 points) Since the generation of iPSCs by introducing 4 specific genes int

Question

15. (2 points) Since the generation of iPSCs by introducing 4 specific genes into a mature cell through viral transfection, many other improved methods have been developed to address the variou associated with the original method. List TWO that would not leave any foreign genetic ma generated iPSCs. 16. (2 points) A h ypothetical scenario: some anti-retroviral drugs used to treat HIV infected patients have been clinically shown to cause type I diabetes in these patients upon long-term usage. It is suspected that the drugs might have a direct effect on the physiological function of the pancreas, particularly affecting its insulin production. Describe how you could examine the side effect of the drugs on human pancreatic cells by using iPSCs technology.

Explanation / Answer

ans 15 The two efficient methods include

1. When we compare with other non-retroviral methods, it was found that the so called piggyBac site/enzyme system is more efficient and safer and it does not leave any remnants of external DNA in the iPSC genome.

2. Adenoviruses can also be used as they do not incorporate their genome into the host DNA unlike retroviruses .

Ans 16

iPSCs has also been a useful technology to predict the possible side effects of drugs in various body cells working on a mechanism of possible generation of libraries by continual self renewing

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