Exercises 1.Describe some healthcare situations in which an agent has taken adva

Question

Exercises

1.Describe some healthcare situations in which an agent has taken advantage of a principal. Then describe some healthcare transactions that have not taken place because of fears about asymmetric information.

2. Identify some ways that nursing homes can signal high quality to consumers. Which of these signals are most apt to be reliable?

3. Provide an example of costly monitoring in the healthcare workplace. Can you think of an employment contract that would allow a reduction in monitoring without a reduction in quality?

4. What are some strategies for reducing adverse selection in insurance markets? What sorts of problems do these solutions cause?

5.Your firm sells backup generators to hospitals and clinics. The generators are guaranteed to operate on demand for two years. Your data show that the generators run an average of 42 hours per year. Your firm offers an extended warranty that covers the next three years. Your data show that repairs are needed for 2 percent of units during this three-year period. When repairs are needed, the average cost is $4,000. You charge $400 for the extended warranty, and about 20 percent of your clients buy it.

a.The extended warranty has been a consistent money loser. Claims average $1,000 per customer. How could this situation happen, given the data above?

b.Would raising the premium to $1,000 solve this problem?

c.What would you recommend that your company do to solve this problem?

Explanation / Answer

Answer-1

An agent may make health care decisions on the principal's behalf only if the principal's attending physician certifies in writing that the principal is incompetent. The physician must file the certification in the principal's medical record

Information Asymmetry can lead to two main problems:

(a).Adverse selection- immoral behavior that takes advantage of asymmetric information before a transaction. For example, a person who is not be in optimal health may be more inclined to purchase life insurance than someone who feels fine.
(b). Moral Hazard- immoral behavior that takes advantage of asymmetric information after a transaction. For example, if someone has fire insurance they may be more likely to commit arson to reap the benefits of the insurance.

Answer-2

Answer-4

To counter the effects of adverse selection, insurers (to the extent that laws permit) ask a range of questions and may request medical or other reports on individuals who apply to buy insurance so that the price quoted can be varied accordingly, and any unreasonably high or unpredictable risks rejected. This risk selection process is known asunderwriting. In many countries, insurance law incorporates an "utmost good faith" or uberrima fides doctrine, which requires potential customers to answer any underwriting questions asked by the insurer fully and honestly; if they fail to do this, the insurer may later refuse to pay claims

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