Cells contain many organic molecules. These molecules are essential to life. Man

Question

Cells contain many organic molecules. These molecules are essential to life. Many of them are acquired from the food we eat. In this lab you will study carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and other nutrients that provide your body with energy and provide the raw materials necessary to carry on life activities. These compounds are present in the plants and animals you use as food. In this lab, you will learn how to test for each of these organic molecules in food using chemical indicators. A chemical indicator is any substance that gives a visible sign, usually by a color change, of the presence or absence of a concentration of a chemical species. An indicator can be used to test the presence of the four biomolecules in food.

You will use the following three chemical indicators

Benedict's solution: tests for sugar, carbohydrates

Biuret solution: tests for protein

Lugol's Iodine solution: tests for starch, complex carbohydrates

Answer the questions 1-6 before starting the virtual lab

1. What are Biomolecules?

2. How are monomers and polymers different?

3. What are the monomers for each of these macromolecules?

a) Carbohydrates:

b) Nucleic Acids:

c) Proteins:

d) Lipids (fats):

4. Circle any of the following compounds that would be classified as carbohydrates. (use the internet for help)

a) Amino acids

b) Fructose

c) Maltose

d) Glucose

e) Starch

f) Hemoglobin

g) Lactose

6. Which types of biomolecules do you predict that you will find in the food items below?

Food

Prediction

Potato

Orange Juice

Almonds

Eggs

Salmon

Virtual Lab: Testing of Known Substances: Go to the Organic Molecules website for this part!

http://www.occc.edu/biologylabs/Documents/Organic%20Compounds/Organic%20Compounds.htm

You will learn how to test for each of these organic molecules by clicking on the boxes shown below. Complete each of the tests for carbohydrates and proteins. Write your results in the data table below.

Part I: Testing of Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats (Lipids):

Substance

Chemical Indicator

Describe Color Change

Protein

Biuret Solution

Simple Sugar

Benedict's Solution

Starch

Lugol's Iodine

7. What substance was used as the control and why?

8. What was the function of each of the chemical indicators used?

Food

Prediction

Potato

Orange Juice

Almonds

Eggs

Salmon

Explanation / Answer

1) carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and other nutrients that provide your body with energy and provide the raw materials necessary to carry on life activities are called bio molecules.

2) Monomer is a molecule that is able to bond in chains.Monomers are the building blocks of complex molecules called polymers.

3)

a) Carbohydrates:monosaccharides

b) Nucleic Acids: nucleotides

c) Proteins:aminoacids

d) Lipids (fats):glycerol and fatty acids

4)

b) Fructose

c) Maltose

d) Glucose

e) Starch

g) Lactose

5)

1-Potato --------Carbohydrates

2- orange juice------Carbohydrates and vitamins

3- almonds----------Proteins and fats

4-eggs-------proteins and fats

5-salmon----------proteins and fats

6)

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