11. Natural selection acts on a. gametes. b. somatic cells. c. individuals. d. o

Question

11.       Natural selection acts on

            a.      gametes.

            b.      somatic cells.

            c.      individuals.

            d.      organelles.

            e.      populations.

12.       Theodosius Dobzhansky once stated: "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." Support for this statement is provided by:

a.     genetics

b.     molecular biology

c.     physiology (e.g. photosynthesis and respiration)

d.     ecology

e.     all of the preceding

13.       The ultimate source of all genetic variation is:

            a.     mutations

            b.     crossing over

            c.     meiosis

            d.     polyploidy

14.       Without extensive medical intervention (high?tech equipment in modern hospitals) it is unusual for human babies weighing under 3 pounds or over 13 pounds to be born alive and survive (along with their mothers). This is an example of?

a.      natural selection

b.      survival of the fittest

c.      genetic drift

d          gene flow

e          geographic variation

15.       Which of the following is most likely to improve the fitness of a population to its environment?

a.         genetic drift

b.         mutation

c.         natural selection

d.         gene flow

e       none of the above will improve fitness.

16.       Which of the following was NOT included in Darwin's theory of Natural Selection?

a.         Mendelian genetics

b.         potential for overproduction of offspring

c.         variability among individuals of a species

d.         survival of the fittest

e          relatively constant numbers of individuals

17.       One of the major sources of evidence for evolution is in the comparative anatomy of organisms. Features that look different but have similar structural origin are called:

       a.    homologous structures.

       b.    analogous structures.

       c.    vestigial structures.

       d.    equivalent structures.

18.       All of the following are sources of genetic variation related to sexual reproduction, EXCEPT:

a.        crossing-over

b.        production of offspring by two parents

c.        independent assortment of homologous chromosomes

d.        mutation

e.        random fertilization.

19.           An athlete who trains at high elevation will produce additional red blood cells in response to the lower concentration of oxygen in the air. Which of the following is true?

       a.    Her genes for blood cell production will have mutated.

       b.    She will pass on this trait to her children.

       c.    The human species will have evolved.

       d.    This has no effect on the gene pool.

e.         Her children, conceived after training, will have a higher than normal number of red blood cells.

20.        A mutation occurs in one of your lung cells. Which of the following is true?

a.        you have evolved to be better adapted to your environment

b.        you will soon die because most mutations are lethal

c.        you will be sterile and no longer be able to have children

d.        the human species will have evolved because this mutation will be passed on to your children

e.        this mutation does not affect the human gene pool because it will not be passed on to offspring

Explanation / Answer

Ans 11 : c) individuals

The natural selection acts on the phenotype of the organisms , which actually determine with the environment.

This plays a major role in the evolutionary process , and selects the most fittest and deserving individuals that survive and reproduce.

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