15) After meiosis I the cell enters S phase to prepare for meiosis II 16) Some p
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15) After meiosis I the cell enters S phase to prepare for meiosis II 16) Some phenotypes are determined by more than one gene. 17) The process that uses the genetic information carried by mRNA to specify the sequence of amino acids in a protein is called replication. 18) DNA polymerase is unable to initiate replication because it can only add nucleotides to an existing DNA chain. 19) Prokaryotic cells do not divide by mitosis 20) Mitosis produces genetically identical cells while meiosis yields new combinations of genes 21) When Mendel mated "true-breeding" purple flowered plants to white flowered plants (P generation), it produced a ratio of 3 purple:1white in the offspring (F1). 22) In G1, each chromosome consists of two identical strands of DNA joined at the centromere; these are sister chromatids. 23) Cells produced at the end of meiosis I are haploid.Explanation / Answer
1 False.
S phase is the DNA replication phase occur between G1 and G2 phase. It is tightly egulated to prevent any anamolies in the genetic makeup of individual.
2. True.
These traits are known as polygenic trait. For ex. Human skin and hair color
3. False.
Replication is the multiplication of Parent DNA strands into new progeny strands by means of enzyme DNA polymerase. However the process of amino acid formation from mRNA is called translation.
4. True:
DNA polymerase require a DNA template that is already available strand and a primer to act upon and synthesise the new DNA strand.
5. True.
They divide by asexual reproduction like binary fission which is similar to mitosis.
6. True
Mitosis is just division of cells into two identical offsprings carrying identical genetic copies. While in meiosis there is transfer of copy of DNA from both parents and the law of seggregation and independent assortment applies resulting into new combinations of DNA.
7. False.
In F1 generation all the flowers were red due to resence of atleast one dominant copy of red color gene.
RR X rr
F1. Rr all red
F2. RR, rr. Rr (3:1)
8. True
G1 is the initial phase in which cell prepares itself for dividion. In this stage the chromosomes are present with two identical arms called sister chromatid attached at centromere.
9. True
After the meiosis I cells the parents chromatid divides ito two haploid cells. It is the basis of maintaing the chromosome number constant in every generation.
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