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//learn.dcollege.net/bbeswebdav/pid-6533451-di-c 1/courses/30710.2017.O - + 130% e) increased proportionally to increase in metabolism Questions 53-60 concern the following scenario Scenario D: Frank has a relatively sudden onset of Guillane-Barre syndrome, a neurological disease that can, as in Frank's case impair diaphragmatic and intercostal muscle function, and hence the ability to move air in and out of the lungs. The disease creates a number of problems for its victims, but we will concentrate on Frank's respiratory problems. If there are no other problems (airways, lungs, chest wall, respiratory effort, changes in respiratory rate) 53. At FRC, would you expect the alveolar pressure to be a) significantly increased (above atmospheric), b) largely unchanged, or c) significantly decreased (below atmospheric)-compared to a person without muscle problems 54. At FRC, would you expect the intrapleural pressure to be a) significantly increased (less negative), b) largely unchanged, or c) significantly decreased (more negative) - compared to a person without muscle problems 55. At end inspiration, would you expect the alvcolar pressure to be a) significantly increased (above atmospheric), b) largely unchanged, or c) significantly decreased (below atmospheric) - compared to a person without muscle problems (more negative) compared to a person without muscle problems person without musele problems 56. At end inspiration, would you expect the intrapleural pressure to be a) significantly increased (less negative), b) largely unchanged, or c) significantly decreased 57. As a result, would you expect the tidal volume to be a) significantly increased, b) largely unchanged, or c) significantly decreased- compared toa 58. How would you expect this to affect Frank's alveolar PO,'s-compared to somcone without NS DEL 0 BACK SPACE 5 6 7 8 9Explanation / Answer
The diaphragmatic and intracoastal muscles play an important role in ventilation. External coastal muscles are involved in higher ventilation.
53. FRC is the volume of air left in the lungs after normal expiration. Usually in persons with normal muscle function the alveolar pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure but in persons with impair muscle function the alveolar pressure significantly increases(above atmospheric pressure) because during expiration due to decrease in alveolar pressure expiration occurs in normal person.
54. During expiration the intrapleural pressure increases above atmospheric pressure which results in expiration in a normal person but in person with impair muscle function the intrapleural pressure decreases and becomes more negative. And hence it significantly decreased(more negative)
55. At end inspiration due to the expansion of the thoracic cavity the volume increases leading to alveolar pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure in normal persons but in person with muscle impair i would expect that the alveolar pressure significantly increased(above atmospheric pressure)
56. At end inspiration the intrapleural pressure is usually lower or negative than the atmospheric pressure and in person with muscle problems I would expect that intrapleural pressure becomes more negative than usual and significantly decreased( more negative)
57. Tidal volume is the amount of air that normally enters the lungs during breathing when no effort is applied to breathe. But the patients with this impair of muscles has a difficulty to breathe and applies an extra effort to breathe. So the tidal volume is significantly increased.
58. Tidal volume is the high respiration rate so the increase in tidal volume results in increased alveolar PO2s more strongly than the tidal volume.
59. Due to the lack of proper breathing the intake of O2 becomes hard and hence O2 delivery to the systemic tissues gets significantly decreased.
60. The oxygen when entered in the body is used up and results in co2 which is brought to lungs and then to alveoli and it should be eliminated by exhalation. But due to the improper function of muscles and improper pressure in the alveoli the co2 elimination cannot be carried out efficiently and this results in significantly decreased co2 elimination.
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