PRIN SECTION T THE LETTER OF THE CORRECT ANSWER IN THE SPACE PROVIDED # 1 VIRUSE

Question

PRIN SECTION T THE LETTER OF THE CORRECT ANSWER IN THE SPACE PROVIDED # 1 VIRUSES, BACTERIA & PROTISTS -1. VIRION -2. VIROID A. replicates phage genome without destruction B. hair-like structures protruding from cell wall C. release methane gas D. plasmodial slime molds E. location of the single chromosome F. shell made of CaCO3 G. a mature virus particle H. empties into the contractile vacule L. genome integrated into host J. hydrogenosome mitochondria K. inhibits bacterial growth L. water mold M. cell bursts releases viruses N. causes disease in plants P. energy from sun; carbon from organic mol 3. PROPHAGE 4. LYTIC CYCLE -5. LYSOGENIC CYCLE ?6, PHOTOHETEROTROPHISM 7. METHANOGEN 8. CHLAMYDIAS 9. PILI 10. NUCLEOID -11. ENDOSPORE -12. CYANOBACTERIA 13. BACTERIOSTATIC 14. HOLDFAST 15. MIXOTROPH 16. MYXOMYCOTA Q. anchoring structure R bacterial intracellular parasite 17.00MYCOTA S. produced when times get tough T. kills bacteria U. exchanged during conjugation V. antibiotics 18. FORAMINIFERA 19. TRICHOMONAS 20. RADIATING CANALS 21. MICRONUCLEUS W. proteinaceous infectios partièle can photosynthesize and fead Y. eponyms

Explanation / Answer

G- 1. Virion is proteinaceous infectious particle that is designed for the transmission of nucleic acid. It is a complete virus particles, consisting of RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein shell and consisting the infective form of a virus.

N- 2. Viroid is smallest infectious pathogen known. They are composed solely of a short strand of circular, single-stranded RNA without protein coat. They cause disease in plants affecting some parts with the aid of complementary bases in the genome.

I- 3 Prophage is a bacteriophage (virus) genome inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome

T - 4. Lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle are 2 stages of viral reproduction. In the lytic cycle, the viral DNA exists as a separate free floating molecule within the bacterial cell, and replicates separately from the host bacterial DNA, whereas in the lysogenic cycle, the viral DNA is located within the host DNA.

A - 5. lysogenic cycle, phage genome replicates without causing destruction to bacteria.

P- 6. heterophototrophism is the process in which light is the energy source and organic molecules, as CO2 can not be used as the sole carbon source. The consumers in food chain- herbivores, carnivores and omniveores as well as some fungi and bacteria are photoheterotrophs.

C - 7. Methanogen- microorganisms produce methane gas as byproduct.

R - 8. Chlamydias- bacterial intracellular parasite.

B - 9. Pili are hair like structures from bacterial cell wall. used in the transfer of DNA between bacteria during conjugation.

E - 10. Nuceoid contains most of the genetic material and without nuclear membrane, it is found in prokaryotes. It is single chromosome.

S - 11. Endospore is formed when times get tough like lack of nutrients. It is a non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria.

X - 12 cyanobacteria are the only type of bacteria which can photosynthesize and produce oxygen. The name came from its colour

K - 13. A bacteriostatic is a biological or chemical agent that stops and inhibits bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them otherwise. These are used as antibiotics. disinfectants, antiseptics and preservatives.

Q - 14 holdfast is an anchoring structure or a stalked organ by which an alga or other simple aquatic plant or animal is attached to a substrate.

Coulld not find matching- 15 Mixotrophs are organisms that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon, example: Euglena. It can be autotroph and heterotroph.

D - 16 - Myxomycota is made up of those eukaryotic microorganisms commonly referred to as the true slime moulds or myxomycetes.

L- 17. Oomycota are filamentous protists commonly known as water molds or downy mildew.

F - 18. Foraminifera are single-celled protists with shells. Shells are made of calcium carbonate

V - 19. Trichomonas causes a sexually transmitted disease called trichomoniasis that can be cured with antibiotics, either metronidazole or tinidazole.

H - 20 In Paramecium, radiating canals are openings in the cytoplasm of the cell which are used to trap excess water or debris from metabolic process or non-food matter that gets into the organism. This debris is then sucked into the contractile vauole for the ejection from the cell.

U -21. micronucleus is in protozoan such as Paramecium. During conjugation it furnishes the pairing of gamete nuclei,

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