Question 1 (5 points) If a strand of DNA of sequence 5’-CCGAATGGGCAT-3’ is repli

Question

Question 1 (5 points)

If a strand of DNA of sequence 5’-CCGAATGGGCAT-3’ is replicated, which of the following accurately represents the newly synthesized DNA strand?

Question 1 options:

5 -’CCGAATGGGCAT - 3'

3’-CCGAATGGGCAT-5’

3’-GGCTTACCCGTA-5’

5’-GGCTTACCCGTA-3’

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STRUCTURE OF DNA

Question 2 (5 points)

What type of bond keeps each individual DNA strand together?

Question 2 options:

covalent bonds

ionic bonds

hydrogen bonds

electrostatic bonds

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Question 3 (5 points)

What proteins are crucial for creating and maintaining DNA replication forks? Choose the best explanation.

Question 3 options:

Helicase creates the replication fork; primase keeps the single strands from closing shut.

Helicase creates the replication fork; single-strand binding proteins keep the single strands from reuniting.

Ligase creates the replication fork; DNA polymerase II keeps the single strands from reuniting.

Helicase creates the replication fork; ligase keeps the single strands from closing shut.

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Question 4 (5 points)

Which of the following accurately shows DNA base pairing and hydrogen bond number?

Question 4 options:

Adenine—Thymine, 2 hydrogen bonds

Adenine—Thymine, 3 hydrogen bonds

Cytosine - Guanine, 2 hydrogen bonds

Cytosine - Guanine, 4 hydrogen bonds

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Question 5 (5 points)

The nitrogenous base thymine is what type of base?

Question 5 options:

monoamine

purine

pyrimidine

amino acid

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TRANSCRIPTION

Question 6 (5 points)

What is the name of the process that produces RNA using a gene as a template?

Question 6 options:

transcription

translation

transposition

replication

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Question 7 (5 points)

What is the part of the gene called where the DNA polymerase first binds during transcription?

Question 7 options:

promoter

repressor

operon

inducer

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HOW GENES ARE REGULATED

Question 8 (5 points)

What does the process of post-translational control refers to?

Question 8 options:

regulation of gene expression after transcription

regulation of gene expression after translation

control of epigenetic activation

period between transcription and translation

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TRANSLATION

Question 9 (5 points)

In the process of translation,

Question 9 options:

a strand of mRNA is formed with nucleotide sequences complementary to those of DNA

nucleotide sequences of tRNA are established

rRNA is synthesized with sequences complementary to those of tRNA

a polypeptide is formed as dictated by the nucleotide sequence in mRNA

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Question 10 (5 points)

Use the genetic code to determine which amino acids the following mRNA sequence code for: GUA GAC GGG

Question 10 options:

Pro, His, Arg

Arg, His, Pro

Gly, Asp, Val

Val, Asp, Gly

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Question 11 (5 points)

If a DNA strand with the sequence TAG CAT GAT CCC TAT is transcribed, which of the following accurately represents the newly synthesized mRNA strand?

Question 11 options:

AUG CUA GUA CCC AUA

TAG CAT GAT CCC TAT

AUC GUA CUA GGG AUA

ATC GTA CTA GGG ATA

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Question 12 (5 points)

An individual has a mutation in the gene that codes for the pigment melanin that results in white skin and hair. Choose the correct explanation for how this mutation affects this individual's traits.

Question 12 options:

The error in the DNA sequence results in an error in the mRNA molecule during transcription, the error in the mRNA molecule results in an incorrect amino acid in the melanin protein which makes it non-functional. The resulting trait is hair and skin without color.

The error in the DNA sequence results in an error in the mRNA molecule during transcription, the error in the mRNA molecule results in an incorrect nucleic acid in the melanin protein which makes it non-functional. The resulting trait is hair and skin without color.

The error in the mRNA sequence results in an error in the DNA molecule during transcription, the error in the DNA molecule results in an incorrect amino acid in the melanin protein which makes it non-functional. The resulting trait is hair and skin without color.

The error in the mRNA sequence results in an error in the DNA molecule during transcription, the error in the DNA molecule results in an incorrect nucleic acid in the melanin protein which makes it non-functional. The resulting trait is hair and skin without color.

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Question 13 (5 points)

What is the name given to the portions of eukaryotic mRNA sequence that are removed during RNA processing?

Question 13 options:

exons

caps

poly - A tails

introns

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GENE EXPRESSION

Question 14 (5 points)

Control of gene expression in prokaryotic cells occurs at which level(s)?

Question 14 options:

primarily at the transcriptional level

epigenetic and transcriptional levels

only at the post-translational levels

epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational

Question 15 (5 points)

What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

Question 15 options:

A plant with certain genes added that mimic naturally occurring genes for that plant

An organism with an artificially altered genome

An organism made of proteins from two different organisms

An animal produced by artificial selection

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Question 16 (5 points)

What is the role of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in the production of transgenic plants?

Question 16 options:

Tomatoes get increased shelf life when exposed to the beneficial bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Transgenic plants are all designed to be resistant to the disease causing bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacteria that is used to move desired genes into the plant cells.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacteria that produces Bt toxins that kill small mammals.

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Question 17 (5 points)

Which of the applications of genomics listed below can be used in agriculture?

Question 17 options:

Improve crop production

Generate new, resilient hybrid strains

Improve disease resistance

All of the above

Question 18 (5 points)

In the reproductive cloning of an animal, what cell type is used as the source of the genome of the cloned animal?

Question 18 options:

A sperm cell

An egg cell

Any gamete cell

A somatic (non-gamete)) cell

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Question 19 (5 points)

Which of the following statements about genetically modified organisms (GMOS) are correct? Select all that apply.

Question 19 options:

Transgenic bacteria are used to produce protein for human consumption.

Transgenic mice are frequently used to study the effects of gene mutations.

Transgenic goats have been engineered with a human gene that produces blood anticoagulant protein.

Transgenic bacteria are used to produce human growth hormone.

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Question 20 (5 points)

What is proteomics?

Question 20 options:

The study of all the genes in an organism

The study of prostate cancer

The study of the function of all proteins in an organism

A disease caused by the lack of protein in the diet

5 -’CCGAATGGGCAT - 3'

3’-CCGAATGGGCAT-5’

3’-GGCTTACCCGTA-5’

5’-GGCTTACCCGTA-3’

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1 : 3'-GGCTTACCCGTA-5'

When the molecule of DNA is replicated , it produces a strand which has the bases that is complimentary to the bases of the parent strand.

A forms complimentary base pairing with T and G forms complimentary base pairing with C. So the sequence of newly synthesised strand will be : 3'-GGCTTACCCGTA-5'

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