Please correct the mistakes if they are existed. GOOD LUCK!! Choose the one alte

Question

Please correct the mistakes if they are existed.

GOOD LUCK!! Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The forms of the electron carriers NAD+/NADH and FADH/FADH, have high potential energy A. oxidized phosphorylated D. carboxylated E. none of the answer options are correct 2. At the end of glycolysis, the carbon atoms originally found in the starting glucose molecule are in the form of. one pyruvate molecule two pyruvate molecules C. two ATP molecules D. two NADH molecules E. four ATP molecules 3. Certain complexes of the mitochondrial electron transport chain pump protons. Which of the following BEST describes the movement of protons in this situation? A. across the outer mitochondrial membrane, from the cytoplasm to the intermembrane space across the outer mitochondrial membrane, from the intermembrane space to the cytoplasm across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the intermembrane space to the matrix across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the matrix to the intermembrane space 4. For the potential energy of a proton gradient to be converted to the chemical energy of ATP, the movement of protons down their concentration gradient must be coupled with ATP synthesis. This coupling is made possible by: A. ATP synthase coenzyme A cytochrome c D. oxygen E. protein complex IV 5. When fats are used as an energy source, the fatty acids are broken down to acetyl-CoA. That means that fats bypass the reactions ofand enter the respiratory pathway at A. fermentation; glycolysis B. the citric acid cycle; oxidative phosphorylation C. the citric acid cycle, glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation, fermentation glycolysis, the citric acid cycle

Explanation / Answer

1. B. reduced

Reduced forms of electron carriers are a technique to temporarily store energy until it can be converted to ATP.

2. B. two pyruvate molecules.

Glycolysis involves the breakdown of a 6-carbon sugar, glucose, into two 3-carbon molecules - glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and di-hydroxyacetonephosphate, and then ultimately to two pyruvate molecules.

3. D.

Complexes of the electron transport chain pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

4. The proton gradient is coupled to ATP synthesis by A. ATP synthase, also known as complex V, which leads to the formation of ATP from ADP and pi.

5. E. Fats bypass glycolysis and instead undergo ?-oxidation and finally enter the respiratory pathway at the citric acid cycle.

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