Chapter 4: Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations What instrument is used to measu
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Chapter 4: Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations What instrument is used to measure air pressure? What is nomal air pressure at sea level? What instruments are used to measure wind speed and wind direction? What is the relationship between air pressure and the direction of wind flow? o What are winds named? Driving forces within the atmosphere. Know how each of these affects the flow of wind o 1. Pressure Gradient Force o 2. Coriolis Force o 3. Friction Force · What happens to global winds at the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)? Where is it located? .What happens in Subtropical High (STH) Pressure Zones? Approximately where are they located? . What are Hadley Cells? . What are Rossby Waves? What are Jet Streams? What causes Land-Sea Breezes? Mountain-Valley Breezes? What are Monsoon winds? What are Ocean gyres? . Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) o What is it? o What is La Nina? o What are some of the global effects?Explanation / Answer
1) A barometer is used to measure air pressure. It is a scientific instrument used in meteorology.
Normal air pressure at sea level :
At sea level, the normal air pressure in those units of measure is as follows:
101.3 kPa ,it is usually expressed. In pascals, it is 101325 pascals. kilopascals is usually used as pascals are such a small unit that is much less to express the measurement in kilopascals.
In mmHg , the measure is 760
In atm it is 1 atm.
They are a standard set of measures. The actual measurement vary with weather conditions.
2) A windmill anemometer is a common instrument are used to measure wind speed. A wind vane is used are used to measure wind direction.
3) Relationship between air pressure and the direction of wind flow is :
Wind will move from higher pressure to lower pressure atmospheric pressure zones.The greater the differences in pressure gradient the stronger the wind will be.
4) Winds are named by the direction from which they came such as north winds came from the north.
5) Pressure Gradient Force differences form wind, and the greater these differences, the
greater the wind speed.
When air starts to move the Coriolis effect and
friction come into play but used only to modify the movement and not to produce it
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