QUESTION 1 Traces or remains of prehistoric life are Dead Fossils Biogenic rocks

Question

QUESTION 1

Traces or remains of prehistoric life are

Dead

Fossils

Biogenic rocks

Common in all rock types

QUESTION 2

This dull, low-grade, foliated metamorphic rock forms from shale.

Gneiss

Marble

Phyllite

Slate

QUESTION 3

Roundness of sediment particles is

Closeness of the particle shape to a sphere

Range of particles sizes

Related to the smoothness of the particle's edge

Only valid for clay particles

QUESTION 4

The direction of water flow was

Left to right

Right to left

Vertical

Cannot be determined from figure

QUESTION 5

Which of the following environments would most likely produce fossil-bearing limestone?

Swamp

Beach

Coral reef

Stream

QUESTION 6

The above picture, with sandstone on the bottom, is an example of which sedimentary sequence?

Regressive sequence

Transgressive sequence

Graded sequence

Evaporite sequence

QUESTION 7

What is the primary method for classifying clastic (detrital) sedimentary rocks?

Texture (grain size)

Mineral composition

Amount of foliation

Hardness

QUESTION 8

Which of the following methods would help you distinguish a marble from a quartzite?

Color

Specific gravity

Acid reactivity

Degree of foliation.

  

QUESTION 9

This type of chemical weathering results from a loss of electrons.

Unloading

Oxidation

Dissolution

Carbonization

QUESTION 10

This type of metamorphism results from directed heat and pressure as a result of mountain building.

Contact

Thermal

Regional

Mighty

QUESTION 11

These rocks result from the evaporation of an inland sea or lake.

Coquina and travertine

Rock salt and rock gypsum

Coal and shale

Limestone and chert

QUESTION 12

Which of the following is an example of hydrolysis?

Biotite + water = clay minerals

Pyrite + water = iron oxide

Carbonic acid + water = clay mineral

Calcite + water = calcium + bicarbonate ions

QUESTION 13

Layers of limestone, quartz sandstone, and coal are metamorphosed during mountain building. Which series of high-grade metamorphic rocks could result?

Marble, quartzite and schist

Marble, quartzite, and anthracite

Marble, slate, and gneiss

Quartzite, slate, and anthracite

QUESTION 14

The process of metamorphism results in _____

Recrystallization of rocks without melting

Recrystallization of rocks by melting

Fusing of minerals without recrystallization

All of the above.

QUESTION 15

What environment generally is considered a high energy environment?

Lake

Swamp

Beach

Deep marine

QUESTION 16

Which of the following is true about a graded bedding sequence?

Particle size decreases top to bottom with conglomerate on top, and limestone on bottom

Particle size decreases from bottom to top--conglomerate on bottom to sandstone, and shale on top

Transitions between rock gypsum and rock salt

Is related to the type of fossils present

QUESTION 17

During metamorphism, water

Inhibits recrystallization

Enhances ion migration and recrystallization

Keeps minerals from overheating and melting

All of the above.

QUESTION 18

This low-grade metamorphic rock has a slight sheen.

Slate

Schist

Phyllite

Charlie

QUESTION 19

Under a microscope, sand grains from a beach look like smooth balls that all about the same size. Which of the following best describes these sand grains?

Well sorted and angular

Well sorted with high sphericity and high rounding

Poorly sorted with high rounding and low sphericity

Poorly sorted with high rounding and low sphericity

QUESTION 20

Regional metamorphism results from ______.

a rise of temperature within the host rock surrounding a molten igneous body

hydrolysis and oxidation

directed heat and pressure from large-scale deformation (mountain building)

a reduction in pressure when overlying rocks are eroded.

QUESTION 21

What rocks might you expect from LOW-grade metaphorphism of quartz sandstone, shale, and limestone?

Schist, marble, and quartzite

Gneiss, anthracite, and marble

Quartzite, slate, and marble

Marble, quartzite, and gneiss

QUESTION 22

Metamorphic rocks form by

Heat and pressure

Cooling and solidification

Compaction and sedimentation

Weathering and transportation

  

QUESTION 23

Limestone and chalk are types of these rocks.

Chemical sedimentary rocks

Clastic sedimentary rocks

Granite

Detrital sedimentary rocks

QUESTION 24

What is the primary mineral constituent in chert?

Microcrystalline quartz

Feldspar

Clay

Calcite

QUESTION 25

This type of weathering alters the internal structures of minerals by removing and/or adding constituents.

Mechanical

Unloading

Erosional

Chemical

QUESTION 26

This high-grade, foliated metamorphic rock has a banded appearance.

Slate

Marble

Quartzite

Gneiss

QUESTION 27

A chemical sedimentary rock composed of altered plant remains is called this.

Halite

Bituminous coal

Gypsum

Chert

QUESTION 28

What chemical process is happening as Fe+2 is converted to Fe+3 during the weathering of pyrite?

A electron is added to the iron atom

Water is inserted into the crystal structure

Iron is dissolved by carbonic acid

An electron is removed from the iron atom

QUESTION 29

Which of the following sedimentary rocks is lithified mud?

Shale

Slate

Evaporites

Breccia

QUESTION 30

Beds that are inclined with respect to a thicker stratum within which they occur are called.

Graded bedding

Cross bedding

Layered bedding

None of the above

QUESTION 31

What is the primary method for classifying chemical sedimentary rocks?

Texture (grain size)

Mineral composition

Amount of foliation

Color

QUESTION 32

Which of the following statement is true about the sedimentary sequence (deposited by a stream) in the above picture?

The decrease in sediment size resulted from a decrease in energy

The decrease in particle size resulted from an increase in energy

The decrease in particle size occurred as the stream turned into a swamp

The entire sequence is an example of well sorted sediments

QUESTION 33

This environmental problem results from the oxidation of pyrite.

Sinkholes

Oil spills

Acid mine drainage

Landslides

QUESTION 34

During compaction,

Sediment grains are glued together as ground water precipitates minerals

Clay minerals recrystallize into feldspars

Ground water concentrates sediments

Sediments are squeezed together and pore spaces reduced by pressure

  

QUESTION 35

This mineral is the most abundant product of chemical weathering.

Feldspar

Pyrite

Halite

Clay

QUESTION 36

Metamorphic rocks can form from _____

Igneous rocks

Sedimentary rocks

Pre-existing metamorphic rocks

All of the above.

QUESTION 37

Sediments at the bottom of a stream consists of a mix of angular and oblong pebbles, gravel, and sand. These sediments would be considered

Well sorted

Well rounded

Highly spherical

Poorly sorted

QUESTION 38

Contact metamorphism results from __________.

A rise of temperature within the host rock surrounding a molten igneous body

Hydrolysis and oxidation

Directed heat and pressure associated with large-scale deformation

A reduction in pressure when overlying rocks are eroded.

QUESTION 39

Conglomerate and sandstone are types of these rocks.

Chemical sedimentary

Detrital or clastic sedimentary

Crystalline sedimentary

Foliated metamorphic

QUESTION 40

This process results from the release of pressure as overlying rocks are removed

Unloading

Plant wedging

Bioturbation

Frost wedging

QUESTION 41

As sea levels rise, a beach deposit is overlain by mud from a lagoon, and finally a coral reef. Which sequence of rocks is likely the result of this change in depositional environments?

Sandstone, coal, and limestone

Conglomerate, shale, and evaporites

Shale, sandstone, and conglomerate

Sandstone, shale, and limestone

QUESTION 42

The layered arrangement of sediments or sedimentary rock is.

Bedding

Foliation

Ripple marks

Grading

QUESTION 43

This sedimentary rocks consists of broken bits of seashells.

Coquina

Rock salt and rock gypsum

Coal and shale

Limestone and chert

QUESTION 44

Which one of the following is NOT a typical example of mineral cement?

Iron oxides

Calcite

Silica

Halite

QUESTION 45

Which of the following is an example of oxidation?

Pyrite + water = iron oxide

Feldspar + water = clay mineral

Halite + water = sodium and chloride ions in solution

All of the above

  

QUESTION 46

What is the primary mineral constituent in limestone?

Microcrystalline quartz

Feldspar

Clay

Calcite

QUESTION 47

The process of moving sediments to places of deposition is called

Mechanical weathering

Chemical weathering

Dissolution

Erosion and transportation

QUESTION 48

What type of metamorphism would likely cause this texture?

Low-grade contact metamorphism

Non-foliated metamorphism

Regional metamorphism

Lithification.

QUESTION 49

The parent rock of marble is this.

Limestone

Shale

Clean quartz sandstone

Bituminous coal

QUESTION 50

What is the most likely interpretation for the sequence in this image?

Flood waters slowing and receding from a river

Sea levels drop and marine deposits are replaced by beach deposits

A lake slowly transforms into a coal swamp

Sea levels rose and beach deposits were overlain by marine deposits

Dead

Fossils

Biogenic rocks

Common in all rock types

Explanation / Answer

Answer -

1) (b) Fossils -

Explanation - its remains Or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Like Pecten

2) (d) slate -

Explanation - it is dark colour exceeding fine grained low grade metamorphic rocks formed by dynamic metamorphism of shale.

3) (a) Closeness of the particle shape to a sphere

Explanation - its defined as the ratio of the average radius of curvature of the edges & corners of a grain to the curvature of the maximum inscribed sphere.

4) (d) Vertical

Explanation - Graded bed each bed so gradation in grain size from coarse below to fine above.

7) (a) Grain size textural.

8) (c) acid reactivity.

9) (b) In weathring an oxidation reaction, the iron atom loses electrons and precipitates as another mineral.

10) (c) Reginal metamorphism - Here directed pressure and heat act together.

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