QUESTION 3 Karst terrain forms in areas that are covered in which type of rock?

Question

QUESTION 3

Karst terrain forms in areas that are covered in which type of rock?

basalt

sandstone

limestone

mudstone

QUESTION 4

The competence of a mountain river is ___________ than that of a river on a floodplain because ___________ .

lower; the gradient is greater

higher; the gradient is greater

lower; there are more boulders

higher; there is more water

QUESTION 5

What does it mean if the water table of a potential spring does NOT reach above the ground surface?

The aquifer does not have any recharge into it and thus is dry.

There will never be any artesian wells or springs associated with the aquifer.

It will not be possible to pull water out of the aquifer from any type of well.

The aquifer does not have a high enough permeability to produce water.

QUESTION 6

Lakes can form

when soil becomes supersaturated

during hurricane activity

because of a collapsed volcanic caldera or subsidence caused by rifting

as a result of the deposition of valley walls or subsidence caused by convergence.

QUESTION 8

Consider a water well that can be drilled in either a shallow, unconfined aquifer or a deep, confined aquifer. Drilling deeper will cost more money; however, the choice is made to drill into the confined aquifer. This is because the confined aquifer will

most likely have a higher water quality

most likely have a higher permeability

not be subject to overpumping

contain more water

QUESTION 9

Why are artificial levees only useful for some flooding events?

Levees cannot be built larger than the surrounding floodplain.

Flash floods occur too quickly for officials to close the levees.

Levees are built in rural areas and will not help for flooding in the city.

Large floods can create high pressures and undermine the levee.

QUESTION 13

has its recharge area at an elevation below sea level

desert

mountains

ocean

flatlands

QUESTION 15

A person is digging a hole when the hole suddenly starts to fill with water. What have they found?

the capillary zone

the vadose zone

the water table

an aquitard

QUESTION 17

Where would you expect to find geysers?

Iceland

England

Antarctica

Greenland

QUESTION 18

Ephemeral streams, as opposed to permanent streams,

are subject to erosion of sediment.

contain water only during rainfall.

can be fed by large drainage basins.

occur only in tropical regions.

QUESTION 19

Ephemeral streams

consist of a series of intertwined channels that are overloaded with sediment.

have flowing water either episodically or during only a portion of the year.

have a channel that is highly sinuous (curvy).

are those that divert flow from streams they have intersected through stream erosion

QUESTION 24

One way to mitigate flooding is to build __________ _, which are areas that are intended to flood and as such are not zoned for buildings.

floodways

floodplains

peneplains

artificial levees

basalt

sandstone

limestone

mudstone

Explanation / Answer

3- karst terrain is formed in limestone because the major component of limestone is calcite( calcium carbonte) which is soluable into water.

4. The competence of a mountain river is higher than that of a river in floodplain because the gradient is greater.

5. If water table of a potential spring does not reach the ground surface then there will not be any artesian well or spring associated with the aquifer because they form in a condition where water table is above ground surface.

6. Lakes can be formed by all of these processes. Supersaturation of soil checks further infilteration of water into ground and thus lakes form in depressions of that region. Some hurricane activities have also formed lakes like Lake Huron Cyclone. Collapse of volcanic caldera has formed the great Crater Lake in Oregon. Rifting , subsidence and some other tectonic activites have also formed many lakes.

7. Confined aquifers usually contain large amounts of water with high water quality because the water here comes from very slow infiltration which enhances the quality of water as the dissolved solids are entrapped into the pores through which water has travelled to reach the aquifer. Additionally water in confined aquifer is under pressure so when it is pumped the water of the aquifer comes up with pressure which usually reduces the amount of power needed to pump water.

9. Artificial levees are only useful for some flooding events because large floods can create high pressure and undermine the levee. Moreover, flash floods occur too quickly for officials to close the levees. Levees can be built anywhere; rural or urban but levees cannot be built larger than the floodplains because floodplains are so large.

17. Iceland, because it is situated over hot mantle plume.

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