A) what was the area of the stream’s cross section on that day? B) what was the

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A) what was the area of the stream’s cross section on that day? B) what was the discharge of the shocking River at that cross section? Lab 9 LAB 9-Stream Flow and Floods Key Ideas Exogenic processes Weathering Mass wasting Geomorphic agent Load Surface runoff Overland flow Sheet wash Base flow Gaging station Recurrence interval Discu Exogenic Geomorphic Processes are the exogenic processes that erode rock matter from higher positions and transport it to be deposited in lower positions. Exogenic processes work to wear down high areas and fill in low areas to reduce overall relief on the earth's surface. Weathering is the chemical or physical breakdown of rocks. When gravity acting alone is the principal force that erodes, transports, and deposits weat hered rock material, the geomorphic fermed mass wasting. For example, it is mass wasting when a rock falls off a cliff to the surface below Generally, though, erosion, transportation, and deposition require some kind of moving medium, or geomorphic agent, for the weathered particle to move. These geomorphic agents include flowing water, blowing wind, waves, and moving ice. Because of the very large number of streams of a variety of sizes agents on the earth, flowing water does more total overall geomorphic work than any of the other geomorphic hen a geomorphic agent has high energy, like a stream has during a flood, it can carry much d many more weathered particles than it can under lower energy conditions. When a stream velocity slows, it can no longer carry ing moved by a geomorphic agent undergoes an energy decrease, like when so much or such large particles and it must deposit some. Solid and chemical materials be geomorphic agent is its load. Surface Runoff A stream is the channelized flow of water. Most of the water in stream channels arrives at the earth's surface via precipitation, especially rain. When rain hits the earth's surface, some of the water might infiltrate (seep) into the void spaces within the soil and sediments, but if those voids become filled with water, additional rainfall will have to remain at the surface. The accumulating surface water will naturally flow downslope over the land surface as surface runoff, also known as overland flow. At first overland flow consists of a thin blanket of unchannelized sheet wash, but sheet wash soon starts to concentrate into chance depressions, making those shallow depressions larger and deeper by erosion. In this way, the surface runoff is starting to form a small channel for itself. rather than infiltrate into the subsurface result in a large number of stream channels. Surface runoff is favored by the presence of solid surface materials with few pore spaces, such as surface exposures of bedrock instead of loose soil or sediment, or surface materials dominated by the very small clay-sized Characteristics of the land surface that encourage arriving rainwater to flow over the ground clasts. Soil, sediment, and even rock composed predominantly of larger clasts, such as sand, tend to 79 GEO 121 D-G-Spring 20

Explanation / Answer

Given that

Cross section of water dimensions

width = 60 ft

depth = 7 ft

velocity of flowing water = 5.4 ft /s

1).

Area of the cross section = width x depth = 60 ft x 7 ft = 420 ft2

2).

Discharge or the river on that specific time = Area of cross section of flowing water x velocity of flowing water

Discharge or the river on that specific time = 420 ft2 x 5.4ft/s = 2268 ft3/s

3)

Volume of the water passing per sec = area or water cross section x velocity

Volume of the water passing per sec= 420 ft2 x 5.4ft/s = 2268 ft3/s

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